国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

slow, and only at projecting capes small rapids appear. Further west the river crosses
the valley diagonally, and goes down to the Chaktak-tsangpo. The valley may be
one km. broad but gets wider westwards. Beyond Kumba-nädik the road comes
down from the hills to the level plain.

Choro-dong is a promontory from the northern mountains, consisting of mica-
schist with quartz veins. Here as elsewhere *mani-rigmos* are common. A northern
peak is called Tingoa or Tingo-shar. Turning north-westwards we camp just below
Targyaling-gompa, at a height of 4,574m. (15,003 feet).

The following names were given on the northern side of the valley, from east
to west: Mount Kamsang, the valleys of Shinchen, Japsang, Shalung and Shalung-
nooma; Kumba-nädik, a valley with surrounding mountains; Pema-lungchung, a small
valley; Salak, a valley leading to a small pass Tashik-la with a direct road to Pasa-
guk on the Chaktak-tsangpo. At the southern side we notice: Chiblung, a dominating
mountain; Changulung, mountain and valley; Karkong, the valley we had used from
Tarbuk-la; Nalung-charang, Tingring, and Dongo valleys.

From the Camp one sees to the south in the background of the Chaktak
valley some snowy ranges on the southern side of the Tsangpo. To the S.S.W.
the Chaktak-tsangpo goes down, first southwards, then turning S.E.; two of its right
tributaries, Chopang and Kilung are seen; at the right side of the river, to the S.W.
is a mountain called Nanta. To the S.80°W. is Hlalung, a valley in which the
*tasam* runs. The spur on which Targyaling-gompa is built is called Gompa-gäbri.
To the N.N.E. is Tingoa with the valleys of Tsalung and Salak.

I was told that no boat was used on the Chaktak-tsangpo; if the river, after
heavy rains becomes disagreeable, it happens that caravans on the *tasam* have to wait.
In December and January last two feet of snow had fallen, but quickly disappeared.
In the beginning or middle of July rain was expected; sometimes in summer strong
hail showers came down. This year there had been very little precipitation. The
hard wind we had met near Shigatse had now ceased, though it could be rather
windy sometimes, nearly always from the west.

A short distance westwards takes us to the broad valley of Chaktak-tsangpo;
the river is divided in several branches, and the water muddy, though we had seen
it perfectly clear at its junction with the Tsangpo. Along the left bank of the river
our direction now becomes N.N.E.; in the corner calcareous conglomerate stands in
living rock. To our left is a Mount Nimdong. The road goes on the top of a
terrace full of gravel and blocks, with the river, in one bed, at its foot. There are
no rapids. The valley may be some 300m. wide. It is very arid. Northwards it
becomes wider; the road from Tashik-la joins our road from the right.

The village of Pasa-guk, on the right bank, is at a height of 4,586m. (15,042
feet), only 55m. higher than the junction of Chaktak-tsangpo and Tsangpo, showing
a very slow fall. On June 8th the river was here 43m. broad, with a maximum depth
of 0.760m., an average depth of 0.418m., an average velocity of 0.991m., and a volume