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| 0041 |
Southern Tibet : vol.2 |
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passage he touches upon is about the famous mountain of Cailasa or Cailas, the
heaven of Siva, and often used by his followers for heaven in general. Many pil-
grims told him that Kailas was 8 or 9 miles south of Rakas-tal, by which they,
of course, meant another mountain with the same name.
I must also quote the following passage from the second part of Wilford's
*Essay on the Sacred Isles of the West,*¹ dealing with the Gangetic provinces. It
seems that, in ancient scriptures, he has found some mention of the routes in south-
ern Tibet. From the Cabolitæ (Cabul) of Ptolemy there was a road, leading
through the mountains, north of the Panjab, and meeting another road from Tahora,
in the same country at a place called Aris, in the mountains to the north of Hari-
dwār. These two roads are frequented to this day; and they meet at a place called
Khama-lang, a little beyond what is called the Eyes of Manasarovar; which are three
small lakes, and to the south of Bindu-Sarovara, or Lanca lake. This information
I received from several natives, who had travelled that way. The road then goes
to Aspacora, or Asparaea, a place in Tibet, mentioned by Ptolemy: there is met
with another from the Gangetic Provinces; and passing through Parthona, probably
now Kerten, or Kelten, with the epithet of Ponjuling, from which is probably derived
the Paliana of Ptolemy.¹
Wilford tries to identify the ancient names and the distances, but the result
is not convincing. He identifies Ptolemy's Thaguri with Tingri, and he quite changes
Aspacora or Asparaca, by help of Purangir, into Sipá-gor. It is more like MIRZA
HAIDAR's Askabrak, specially Asparaca.² The river Bautisus, Wilford identifies as
so many other geographers before and after his time, with the Tsangpo.
But it is useless to lose ourselves in his speculations which very often take
him too far. As long as he keeps to the information he has received from natives
he is rather interesting and that is why I have paid so much attention to his *Essays.*
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