国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0198 |
Southern Tibet : vol.2 |
| 南チベット : vol.2 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
not proved, the Chu-kar carries more water than the Satlej at the junction, this
fact alone is not sufficient to decide the problem in favour of the Chu-kar.
But there exists really an ‹individual feature› in the case of the Satlej. If
standing at the junction of the two rivers, and even knowing the volume of every
tributary from the Himalaya forming the Chu-kar, and of every one from the Trans-
himalaya forming the Tirtapuri branch, we should feel uncertain. Which is the
head river and which the tributary? The Chu-kar or the Tirtapuri branch? Then
I should, without hesitation decide: the one, which so long as records exist, has been
called Satlej by the natives, must be regarded as the head river. The Tirtapuri
branch is called Langchen-kamba by the Tibetans and was called so already when
the Lama surveyors visited the place. And Langchen-kamba means Satlej, and was
supposed already in old legends to issue from the Elephant's mouth. The Langak-
tso or Lang-gak-tso is the Elephant's lake, or with a variation the Bull's throat, in
which case the river is the Big Bull's river. Already in the names, the solution of
the problem is found. They may have been given, originally, at an epoch when
the river flowed out of the lake. But there may formerly have been periods when
the lake was superficially cut off from the river, as is now again the case. But the
names remain, independent of physical changes and pulsations. And a new rise in
the hydrographical curve in a near or distant future may cause a new direct out-
flow from the Rakas-tal. I do not mean to say that popular legends or religious
prejudices should decide in a matter like this. But when they, as in this case, agree
with hydrographical laws and scientific deductions their weight is very great. We
shall see that both in the case of the Brahmaputra and that of the
Indus the native view is the correct one. In such difficult matters as these the
opinion of the natives is often sounder and more reasonable than all the complicated
dogmatism of European scholars.
It can be promulgated as a general rule that all the great rivers of Asia
coming down from Tibet have their sources in glaciers. A glacier is an eternal
source in store, even if it feeds the river only during some four months in summer.
So is the case with the Darma-yankti-Chu-kar. And so is the case with Tage-tsangpo.
But the latter river has a double reservoir en route, the Manasarovar and Rakas-tal.
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51
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62
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73
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83
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95
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109
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121
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132
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144
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155
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167
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177
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187
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196
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209
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223
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237
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249
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259
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269
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279
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289
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305
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323
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334
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345
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356
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367
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381
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393
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403
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415
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428
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445
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461
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473
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487
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503
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517
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532
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