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| 0322 |
Southern Tibet : vol.2 |
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was given by natives. It is said that the Tsangpo flows past Lhasa and, after some
extraordinary adventures, joins the Ganges.
Another version of the old native legend is found at another place in *Alpha-
betum Tibetanum:* ¹ »Saxa IV. ingentia juxta caudicem arboris originem præbent
sacris IV. fluminibus: *Gangi, Sinthiù, Pahkiù, Sila.* Primum quod Orientem re-
spicit, caput præsefert Elephantis. II. Quod est ad Austrum formam *Bubalini*
capitis. III. Equi viridis ad Occasum. IV. Leonis ad Boream», where the directions
of the Satlej and the Tsangpo have been confounded.
ORAZIO DELLA PENNA has the following passage: »Per passare detto monte
Kambalà si salisce certamente per un mezzo miglio, e poi si scende per cinque buoni
miglia; d'indi si trova un fiume ben grande, che si chiama C'iasum, altrove però
dicesi Tzam pò, o Tzangciù, che ha la sua sorgente in Ngari.» ² Speaking of the
rivers in Tibet, the Tsangpo amongst others, he adds: »Queste notizie si sono
avute da persone ben pratiche, quali assolutamente affermane essere la sorgente del
Gange dalla parte di Ngari verso la Tartaria.» ³ By »Ganges» is always meant the
Satlej.
He does not give us any detailed description of the very place in Ngari,
from which these rivers should come. »Ngari», he says, »si divide in tre provincie,
Ngari Sankar, Ngari Purang e Ngari Tamò». ⁴ From his description it is difficult
to make out which particular part he means with Ngari Tamò. But when he says:
»Ngari Tamò a ponente confina con Ngari Purang, a tramontana colla Tartaria, a
levante colla provincia di Tzang, a mezzogiorno col Mogol», it can hardly be anything
else than the country S.E. of the Manasarovar, where the Tamchok *par préférence*
is situated and where we find the pass Tamlung-la. The confusion enters, when,
at another place, he says that Tamò is north of Tzang.
In his great work on China, DU HALDE pays more attention to the question
where the Tsangpo goes to than to its origin, and he arrives at the right con-
clusion — that it goes to the gulf of Bengal. He says that the Chinese call Tibet
Tsan or Tsan-li from the name of the great river Tsan-pou. »La grande riviere
qui traverse tout le Thibet, se nomme Yarou tsanpou ou Dsanpou», and he knows
that although Tsanpou is the name given to every river in Tibet, it belongs speci-
ally to the Yarou tsanpou. ⁵ As to the origin of the river he has only the follow-
ing interesting passage: »Mais ils ⁶ manquerent à un point essentiel, qui étoit de
prendre hauteur auprès du mont Kentaisse, ou autrement Kan te chan, comme le
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