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| 0024 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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their way to and from Lhasa. Dealing with them in this chapter I will have to
touch upon some parts of their itineraries which do not belong to Transhimalaya,
but which I thought practical not to exclude from their narratives. This is specially
the case with Beligatti's report, which is of very great interest and value and little
known.
On their famous journey in 1661 to 1662 the two Jesuit Fathers JOHANNES
GRUEBER and ALBERT DORVILLE ¹ crossed the Transhimalaya. They left Peking
on the 13th of April 1661 and arrived at Agra in March 1662, having passed
through Si-ngan, Lan-tchu, Si-ning, along the northern shore of Koko-nor, through
Tsaidam, over Tang-la to Reting and Lhasa, from where they continued viâ Shi-
gatse to Katmandu, Patna and Agra. Thus they must have crossed Transhimalaya
between Nak-chu and Reting-gompa.²
TRONNIER regards Grueber as one of the most successful travellers of the
whole of the 17th century, although not he but ODORICO DE PORDENONE, some
330 years earlier, was the first European to cross Eastern Tibet. Odorico, however,
has left only a short description of Tibet: Du royaume de Riboth,³ which is on
the confines of India. If now, as CORDIER shows, Odorico has travelled from Sze-
chuan to Tibet, say for instance viâ Chiamdo, he may have reached Lhasa without
crossing the Transhimalaya, for we do not know as yet in what relation this system
stands to the mountain ranges between Salwen and Yangtse-chiang.
Odorico's notes are very short and Tronnier is correct in saying that Grueber
is at any rate, the first who has brought us a better and more correct knowledge
of the country and its inhabitants. All that we know of Grueber's journey is to be
found in letters to his friends and some annotations, published by THÉVENOT. Ac-
cording to RICHTHOFEN, KIRCHER compiled his description of Grueber's journey
from there.⁴ To this Tronnier remarks that Kircher's account is the most authentic
in existence, which is clearly proved both by Kircher and Grueber.
In the following I cannot help giving some quotations concerning Grueber from
Kircher's remarkable work together with his own geographical deductions.⁵ To his
second map we will return later. The first is exactly like the one of China, in
Thévenot. In the second part of his work Kircher quotes the following passage
from MARCO POLO: »Now, if we go on with our journey towards the east-north-
east, we travel a good forty days, continually passing over mountains and hills, or
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