Southern Tibet : vol.3 / 53 ページ（カラー画像）

0053	Southern Tibet : vol.3
南チベット : vol.3

on d'Anville's map, in their relation to Lop-nor, points to the fact that it is the
real, ancient, Chinese Lop-nor that has been entered on the map and not the recent
lake, Kara-koshun which was discovered by Prshevalskiy. Thus we here arrive at
the same result as when we were discussing Renat's map, which is not surprising
remembering that the latter was also derived from Chinese sources. As to the other
tributaries Renat has at least three reaching the Tarim amongst them Khotan- and
Keriya-darya. In this respect the two maps are therefore not in harmony with each
other, and no conclusion can be drawn as to whether d'Anville's map indicates a dry
period of climate. Very likely periodical changes of climate exist in Eastern
Turkestan, though not so strong as in the region of the Manasarovar.
But to return to Southern Tibet we find that the river systems and lakes are
very nearly the same as on the Ta-ch'ing map, which we are going to consider
later on in connection with Dutreuil de Rhins' views. Both are founded on the
same original survey, — of Kang Hi's Lamas.
Regarding the Central Transhimalayan mountain ranges on d'Anville's map
most of them stretch from the N.E. to the S.W., whereas the real direction is usually
from the N.W. to the S.E. When a range, like Targo-gangri is in reality meridional,
it becomes west to east on d'Anville's map. A few names may be identified
beyond doubt. Amongst them we already know Kentaisse M., Lantchia kepou M.,
and Tamtchou M. Larkin M. is at the same place as Nain Sing's Dam-largen-la.
Samia M. must be Samye-la, Yala M. may be my Yor-la, and Soureng M. could
be my Surnge-la if it were not so far to the east. Lop M. is probably Lapchung,
Pancla M. may be my Pabla or Pab-la, Tarcou MM. is certainly Targo-Gangri,
Coiran MM. and Tchimouran¹ are the names given to the culminating range, Nien-
chen-tang-la. Samta Kemsa M. is Samdan Kangjiang. It cannot be said that
regarding the country north of the Tsangpo general uncertainty predominates,
for all is certainly wrong. Only round the edges of the region are there com-
paratively good pieces. On the northern edge there is only one such point:
Tarok-tso and Tabie-tsaka; on the eastern Tengri-nor, Nien-chen-tang-la and Ki-chu
as well as Lhasa with its surroundings. On the south the whole general course of
the Tsangpo to the E.S.E. is not bad and all the northern tributaries have been
observed, more or less wrong. The best parts are on the western edge, the sources
of the Brahmaputra or Tsangpo, which I have proved to be correct. Directing
our attention to the northern bank of the Tsangpo, we find only at two places
mountain ranges running parallel with the river and near to it. The first is the
range west of the entrance of the Tsa-chu, and the second is the one situated east
of the entrance of the Chaktak-tsangpo. Both exist in reality. For the section
east and west of Shigatse d'Anville has no ranges parallel with the river. The

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