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| 0057 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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peak Sengghe kabab gangri.¹ Many other Gangris or mountains with eternal snow
surround the province of Ari and continue north-eastwards to the country of Katsi.
To the N.E. of Gangdis ri are the mountains called Dabrie sierké, Ghiooké niantsian
tangla, Samtan gangdza, Nomkhoûn oubachi and Baïn khara, which surround the
province of Oui (Wei) on its northern side, and pass by the sources of Hwangho
and lake Koko-nor at a distance of more than 6,000 li all the way to Si-ning-fu
and other places on the frontiers of Kansu. Two other branches of mountains issu-
ing from the Kailas are described, one bordering Ngari on the south and the other
with the massive of Tamchok-kabab, where the Brahmaputra has its source.
This orography is far from being clear, though there is much truth in it.
Another chain is said to form the boundary of Ngari in the following way: Tsa
tsa la, 450 li north of the town of Lodok gardzoung. This mountain borders
upon the one called Kerie dabahn.² To the N.W. of Lodok gardzoung, at a dist-
ance of 300 li, is Labsi la. At 830 li S.E. of Ladak dzoung is Noubra la. These
three mountains form a chain, which is the northern boundary of Ari.
Maryum-la is mentioned in the following words: Mar young la, mountain of
the glory, 280 li to the east of the tribe of the Djochots. It is a branch of the
Gangdis ri which stretches to the south. Its southern wing constitutes the western
boundary of the province of Dzang; the northern one belongs to the province
of Ari.
There are several other mountains mentioned in the Chinese description more
or less easy to identify. Only a few of them seem to be parts of our Transhimalayan
system. The most important of them is the Nien-chen-tang-la, described as follows:
Niantsin tangla gangri, or the mountain of the snow-fields of the divinity who is
bringing oracles; 130 li N.W. of the city of Poumdo dzoung. It is near the S.E.
shore of the lake Tengri noor, extremely great and high, and covered with eternal
snows. One sees there a great many snow-fields.³
A part of Transhimalaya is also Samdan gangdja ri or Samtan gangri, snow
mountain of the divine contemplation, 180 li N.E. of Poumdo dzong, — and called
Samto Kemsa on d'Anville's map.
The Chinese geographer who is the author of these passages has done his
best to arrange this hopeless labyrinth of chains and ranges into one system, the
head of which is the Kailas and the branches of which are the different ranges, all
of them starting from the Kailas. To this Chinese system Amiot adds the follow-
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