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| 0104 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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body knew or had heard of Khalamba-la and Tengri-nor and Nien-chen-tang-la.
Rennell, who wrote a few years later, was no doubt right in saying: »Unfortunately,
very little geographical information was furnished by this journey; unless the bare
account of the number of days he was on the road between the two last places
(Paridrong and Chanmanning) may be deemed such.»¹
Indeed his report is meagre in geographical information from Tibet. Of the
Chumalhari he only says: »It stands between Tibet and Bhutan, and is generally white
with snow. It rises almost perpendicular like a wall, and is attended with a string
of smaller rocks, which obtain the name of Chumalhari's sons and daughters.»² In
his general Account of Tibet he has only the following passage about the mount-
ains of the country: »It is full of hills: they might be called mountains if they were
not so near to those in the Deb Rajah's kingdom; however, one has few of them
to climb, the road leading through the valleys . . . The country is bare, stony and
unsheltered; hardly a tree is to be seen, except in the neighbourhood of villages,
and even there in no great numbers.»
Although Bogle was the first Englishman, and up to the present day one of
the very few Europeans who have succeeded at all in penetrating a part of the
Transhimalaya, he leaves his readers in complete ignorance of its existence. He
even hesitates to call the hills of Tibet mountains. Warren Hastings had a much
clearer idea of the morphology of Tibet before than after this journey, and if
ethnology and religion are taken into consideration Bogle can never be compared with
Desideri.
In spite of his excellent narrative and admirable map, SAMUEL TURNER did
not bring back any new information from inquiries about the country north of the
Tsangpo. His journey, 1783—84, does not augment our knowledge of Tibet, ex-
cept his own route which he surveyed so carefully. As to the Chumularee (Chumu-
lari) he only says: »The mountain did not appear very lofty from the level of this
plain; and I think we passed it, leaving it on our right, at about the distance of
three miles: yet the great altitude of this great part of Tibet is demonstrated, not
only by the many rivers that originate in these frontier mountains, and flow towards
the south, with a great descent, through Bootan into Bengal: but because the streams
issuing from it a little further to the north, and taking a northerly direction, fall into
the Berhampooter, and are finally conveyed with it, to a junction, in the neighbour-
hood of the sea, with the waters which flow in a contrary course, from the same
general store. I conclude, therefore, that spot on which we now stood, constitutes
the highest point of land, in what is called Little Tibet . . . Chumularee is for ever
clothed with snow . . .»³ Regarding the country to the north I cannot find anything
more in Turner's book than what he says of a party of Tatar pilgrims and their way
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