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| 0105 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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back which is said to go ›from Teshoo Loomboo to Lassa, twelve days; from Lassa
to Daum, ten days; from Daum to Sullum, thirty days.‹¹ Daum is probably Dam
and Sullum ›Silling‹ or Sining. From his apartment in Tashi-lunpo he could see
the road that leads to Bootan and Bengal; ›on my right, the roads to Luddauk
and Cashmeer; to the mines of lead, copper, cinnabar, and gold; and also by
Tingri Meidân to Nipal: on my left, are the roads to Lassa and China: on the
north is situated the territory of Taranaut Lama, bordering upon Russia, and
Siberia, and whose influence more especially extends over the Kilmauks or hordes
of Calmuc Tartars.‹² His idea of Sining is not nearly so good as Desideri's. He
only says: ›The commerce between Tibet and China, is carried on principally at a
garrison town, on the western frontier of China, named Sinning, or Silling: thither
merchants resort from Tibet with their manufacture . . .‹ On Turner's map there is
no room at all for the country north of the Tsangpo.
Thomas Manning in 1811—12 says of the Kamba-la: ›The height of the
mountain was trifling. After a mile and a half or two miles easy ascent we were at
the top; but the level of the valley on the other side was considerably lower than the
one we departed from. The descent was long, tedious, and in many places trouble-
some.‹³ He does not know the name of this important pass, so familiar to the Ca-
puchins a hundred years earlier. The mountains to the north, mentioned by them,
have not caught his attention. This may have depended on clouds, but during his
stay in Lhasa he could easily have gathered much valuable information. But his
account, published more than 60 years after the journey, hardly contains a word of
any value. ›It is a meagre record of so important a journey‹ says Sir Francis
Younghusband, who nearly 100 years later followed Manning's steps.⁴
An excellent map by Trel. Saunders, 1876, illustrating the journeys of
Bogle, Turner and Manning, has been added to Markham's book (Pl. XXI). On his
map the Nien-chen-tang-la has been marked as a very sharp and well defined ridge
between Tengri-nor and Lhasa.
Moorcroft who in the history of exploration in Tibet occupies such a prominent
place, could hardly be expected to have heard anything of the Transhimalayan ranges.
On the map to his journey 1812 (Vol. II, Pl. III) he has, north of Manasarovar and
Rakas-tal a mountain range stretching N.W. to S.E. and called Cailâs Mts. Near its
N.W. end he has ›Mts totally covered with recent snow‹, further S.E. ›Double Snowy
Point‹ and finally ›Mt Cailâsa‹. On his map these mountains are not shown as a
range, but rather as the edge of a plateau-land, or the abrupt and steep step from
the plateau to the depression or plain where the lakes are situated.
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