Southern Tibet : vol.3 / 164 ページ（カラー画像）

0164	Southern Tibet : vol.3
南チベット : vol.3

to these parts, and are as unknown to the Tibetans as Koko-shili, Buka-magna and
Napchitai-ulan-muren, Mongolian names in the north-east. But the Turki tribes, in
this easy way introduced in Tibet by Hodgson, were accepted by Saunders, Atkin-
son and many others.

Brian Hodgson's Sketch map of the principal natural divisions of the
Himalaya of 1857, Pl. XV, also contains his range north of the Tsangpo, called
›the Nyenchhen-thangla Chain‹. It is drawn as a ›worthy rival of the Himalaya‹
with surprising details quite unknown both to Chinese and European geographers.
It is sufficient for us to remember that such a range does not exist in reality.
The real Nien-chen-tang-la is a mighty range on the southern side of Tengri-nor,
which was known from d'Anville's map and the Ta-ch'ing map. The only difference
is that Hodgson, 1857, has altogether deformed and destroyed the almost correct
and very conscientious representation on the Chinese maps, of which he at least
knew the version of d'Anville. The western continuation is taken from Humboldt's
map in Asie Centrale, or from Grimm's Atlas to Ritter's geography. But instead
of Humboldt's very light and conventional way of marking the range Dzang and
instead of Grimm's and Klaproth's very serious and scientific work, which was
founded on real knowledge and critically sifted, Hodgson has invented a range
which neither on the earth nor in the books has any foundation whatever.

In the western part the great range is one degree north of the ›Gangri Range‹
which surrounds ›Mapang L.‹ in the north, east and S.E., without any sort of con-
nection with the Nyenchhen-thánglá. It is this Gangri Range which is called the
watershed of Tibet. The legend to Nyenchhen-thánglá: ›Separating Southern from
Northern Tibet‹ is, as we have seen, word for word taken from Ritter.

North of Nyenchen-thánglá is ›Northern Tibet or Hor Sok Yeul‹, which already
Desideri knew was called Chang-tang. Immediately north of Nyenchen-thánglá is
entered the curious legend: ›Horyeul or Turk land Horyeul Sokyeul or Mongol land‹,
showing the Turkis as living somewhere between Nganglaring-tso and Transhimalaya
and the Mongols between Tengri-nor and Nyenchhen-thánglá, although already
Klaproth had placed the Sokyul and Sokpas in the Koko-nor province, where they
are still to be found.

The Tsangpo has got the names given by Klaproth: ›The Sanpu river Yaru-
tsangpochu or Yáru of Tsang. Eru vel Aru, Yeru vel Yáru, vel Yárutsángpo River.‹
In this long selection of names we miss the ›Tamchokhamba‹, which in the text is
said to be the river which forms the western boundary of the province of U. One
almost gets the impression that Hodgson did not know that Tamchok-kamba was
one of the names of the Tsangpo.

The northern tributaries of the Tsangpo are drawn with a touching regularity.
They gradually increase in dimensions towards the east. Every second one has
two distinct branches, those between them only one. They seem to have a mere
decorative purpose, and have nothing at all in common with d'Anville's and Klap-

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト 『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ