Southern Tibet : vol.3 / 165 ページ（カラー画像）

0165	Southern Tibet : vol.3
南チベット : vol.3

roth's conscientious attempts to draw only such rivers that exist in reality. Com-
pared with Klaproth's map, Pl. III, that of Hodgson looks like a caricature.
›Southern Tibet or Bodpa Yeul‹ occupies the Tsangpo valley; the name is
north of the river. South of the river is Utsang or the Central Province of Tibet,
— it is curious that the Central Province can be situated south of Southern Tibet.
If Utsang is situated south of the river, it is strange that Tamchok-kamba could be
the western boundary of U. And if Nyenchhen-thángla is the northern boundary
of U, one cannot see how Sángwa gyámda can be its eastern boundary, as it is
situated east of Nam-tso, which, if Hodgson's map were at all as good as d'An-
ville's or the Ta-ch'ing map, is a good long way north of Nien-chen-tang-la.
Some of Hodgson's articles were reprinted in a separate volume in 1874.¹
So far as the Nien-chen-tang-la is concerned there is nothing new beyond those pas-
sages which have been quoted before. He returns to the question of nomads of
Mongol and Turkish race in Northern Tibet and finds witness in ›the facts that all
its hill ranges are taghs, and all its lakes nürs, both Türki words‹.² We do not
need to enter on this extraordinary view. In a Postscript, p. 27, he quotes Major
MADDEN, who, May 1846, in a letter to Hooker wrote of ›the disgraceful state of
our maps of the Himálaya, which insert ridges where none exist, and omit them
where they do exist‹. Which was said about the Himalaya where many Englishmen
had travelled in 1846. Except Bogle, Turner and Manning not one had ever touched
the Tsangpo-valley. And even these three Englishmen have not a word to say of
the Transhimalaya. In how much higher a degree could not Madden's opinion about
the Himalaya be applied to the Transhimalaya!
The result at which we arrive is that Hodgson, who promoted science in so
many directions, did not add an inch to our knowledge of the Transhimalaya.
Sometimes he says that the existence of the range is beyond doubt as he has found
from native information, but he never relates what the natives told him. Everything
he has to say can, as I have proved, easily be found in Klaproth's, Ritter's and
Humboldt's works. His map of 1857 does not even show the state of knowledge
regarding the mountain system, — for the year 1857. For the mountains north of
the Tsangpo were, although mostly absurd, far better represented 124 years earlier,
— on d'Anville's map. On d'Anville's map some parts of orography are correct,
namely Kentaisse for Kailas, and the ranges Coïran—Tchimouran—Larkin for Nien-
chen-tang-la proper and, finally, the fact that he gives us an idea of the existence
of several ranges north of the Tsangpo. On Hodgson's map everything is wrong,
even those parts which were correct 124 years earlier. Neither can we, in this
connection, use Lessing's words that he has brought much both true and new, but

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