Southern Tibet : vol.3 / 196 ページ（カラー画像）

0196	Southern Tibet : vol.3
南チベット : vol.3

and the river was free from ice for a quarter-of-a-mile below them, though every-
where else, both above and below, it was hard frozen.¹ Such observations are im-
portant, for they point to a lively activity still going on in the Transhimalaya, which
has proved to be a comparatively young formation. There is in the report another
description of the same kind, but still more surprising. At some places further west
in the transverse valleys of the Transhimalaya I have seen hot springs, but nothing
like the following: »On the 2nd of January the explorer reached Naisum Chuja.
Chuja, or chusa, means source of hot-water springs. The name is given to the
place from the great number of hot springs which there are here on both sides of
the Lahú Chu River. The water from these springs is so hot that the river is not
frozen for about three miles below them, though everywhere else it was frozen over.
On the right bank of the river there are two very remarkable hot springs, which throw
up a jet of water over sixty feet in height; the water in falling again freezes and
forms pillars of ice, which are nearly up to the full height of the jet. These pillars
are about thirty feet in circumference, and look like towers, with holes at the sides
just as if they had been made artificially. The water is thrown up with great violence
and noise. The thermometer, when put in the water inside the pillars, stood at
183° F., the boiling point there being only 183.75°.«¹ The question is only: was it
really ice, and not white deposits from the spring water, of the same kind as may
be seen in the valley leading up to Chang-lung-yogma in the Kara-korum mountains?²

At a third place still higher up there were hot springs with 130° F. On
January 8th Khalamba-la was crossed at 17 200 feet. At Dung Nagu Cháká on
the northern side hot springs of 180° F. were found. From Gháiká he could see
a big lake, which was found to be Jáng Namcho Chidmo or Tengri-nor. A river,
Gháiká Chu, said to be swollen in summer, comes from the west. On January 21st
he arrived at Tengri-nor which he found completely frozen. Dorkiá Lúgú Dong is a
monastery on the western shore. Ringa Do is a place on the northern shore, near
which is an island. Then follows Jádor Gonpa. On the eastern shore he crossed
Nai Chu, a river coming from the east. The next monastery is Tashi Doche Gonpa.
Near Jádor Gonpa on the western half of the northern shore »there are a great many
fossil stones which are held in veneration; they are called 'Naidhowa'. The explorer
saw a gigantic doorway cut in a rock through which the Lámas say the god
Ninjinthangla passes; its height is about 25 feet . . . To the south-west of the
Tashi Doche Gonpa there are a number of magnificent snowy peaks which are called
the Ninjinthangla peaks. The Lámas say the highest peak is a god, and that he
is surrounded by 360 smaller snowy peaks which act as his servants. To the east
of Tashi Doche there is another mass of high peaks called Nuchin Gásá, which
appeared to the explorer to rise higher above the Namcho Lake than the Kailás

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ