Southern Tibet : vol.3 / 233 ページ（カラー画像）

0233	Southern Tibet : vol.3
南チベット : vol.3

The western half is Kara-korum, the eastern Transhimalaya. However, he does not
lose sight altogether of the two missing halves, or the real eastern Kara-korum and
western Transhimalaya. But they have dwindled on his map to secondary ranges.
That this is really his meaning is clear from the Index map of his Atlas,
where he only knows three ›principal mountain chains of High Asia‹, and where the
direct eastern continuation of Kara-korum and the direct western continuation of
the Transhimalaya are called: ›some of the secondary chains of High Asia‹.
This map was drawn a few years before Nain Sing's journey. But it is curious
that the discoveries of Moorcroft and the Stracheys, with whose works Schlagint-
weit was familiar, have not in the least improved his extraordinary representation
of the western Transhimalaya. Not even the Kailas is marked, although, in those
days, it was believed to be situated on the range, which Cunningham called the
Kailas or Gangri Range.
Schlagintweit's views do not seem to have found many followers, unless we
should suspect some little influence from him on the Tibetan map in Stieler's Hand-
Atlas for 1875. He has not contributed to the knowledge of our system. He has
only complicated it a little more. The characteristic feature of his standpoint is that
the northern tributaries of the Tsangpo should rise from the southern slopes of the
Kara-korum, and that some of the rivers from its northern slopes went to Eastern
Turkestan.
Christian Lassen has given a wonderful and excellent résumé of the history
of geographical knowledge about India and its neighbours.¹ He keeps, regarding
the modern geography, of course the general standpoint of his time, but in many
respects he is more perspicacious than even professional geographers. He regards
the Kwen-lun system or Kulkun, which from Kokonor stretches to the west and
through the Tsungling is connected with the Belur-tagh and Hindu-kush, as the
sharp natural boundary between the northern tribes and the Tibetans. But in a note
he adds that perhaps it would be more correct to say that such a boundary were
formed by the Gang-disri and Dzang-mountains, for north of these ranges the Khor
or Mongols live. We remember from where this view originally dates, and in con-
nection with these ranges Lassen has no new opinion of his own.
The situation and importance of the Gangdisri range he explains in these words:
›Der Kailäsa, Gangdisri der Tibeter, ist eine aussere Kette und gehört nicht dem eigent-
lichen Himälaya; er ist eine der höchsten Erhebungen der Erde, aber noch ungemessen; er ist
ein Ausläufer des Karakorum-Gebirges, welches vom Tsungling, wo dieser in den Kuenlun über-
geht, sich abzweigt, und S.S.O. nach den heiligen Seen hinstreicht; durch den Kailäsa schart
es sich dem Himälaya an, selbst verbindet es das Quellgebiet Pamer und die Gegend des Sees
Sirikul mit dem eben bezeichnneten Quellgebiete der Indischen Flüsse und den heiligen Seen.
Das Karakorum-Gebirge umwallt das obere Industhal von der rechten Seite, dem Flusse pa-
rallel . . . In der Senkung zwischen dem Karakorum und Himälaya liegen am Indus die zwei

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