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| 0237 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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stretching northward. To a certain extent it was represented as such on the map
of the Tibet Frontier Commission, with several mighty peaks on the very edge,
peaks which together formed a border range. This view of Strachey's was, how-
ever, not at all in accordance with the maps of Klaproth, Ritter and Humboldt, nor
did it impress Hodgson in the least. It is not easy to say who was least wrong,
those fighting for one gigantic range, or Strachey's informant speaking of a plateau-
land with detached, irregular hills. This last description seemed to be confirmed
by Nain Sing.
A name that will occupy our attention later on appears already in this article
of H. Strachey. Giving the names of the 13 chief districts of Gnari, he mentions
amongst them Bongba (or Bongbwa) Tal, north of the Gnari mountains, consisting
of two divisions, viz. Bong-meth, that is lower, and Bong-toth, that is upper Bong,
the two districts being under separate Puns. The district Bongthol we find on the
map of the Pundits at the upper Singi-kamba or Indus. The real great province
of Bongba is situated further east.¹
H. Strachey on his map (Vol. II, Pl. XI) to this paper shows the Tise or
Kailas as not rising on the very range of »Gangri Mountains», but from a spur
south of the range.
A few years later H. Strachey wrote of the supposed Maryum range:
»Nari-Mangyul is separated from Nari-Khorsum by a natural landmark, viz. a trans-
verse mountain ridge running from the N. face of the Indian watershed, more or less
to the N, across the breadth of the central upland, and itself constituting a great
watershed that divides all Nari and Utsang into two main basins of drainage. The
major axes of both these lie parallel to the longer direction of the table-land, till
they attain the further extremities of Bod and Nari respectively, where they become
deeply sunk, and turn rather abruptly through the Himalaya to enter the plains of
India.»² It has been proved above that this view cannot be said to be correct.
One or two extracts from Richard Strachey may be of interest. Concerning the
passage into Tibet from Kumáon or Garhwál, he is struck by the sharp contrast
and sudden change of relief: »After weeks have been spent in traversing mountain
after mountain, of the seeming interminable succession of which the eye begins to
tire, while the incessant roar of the torrents that rush by begins to weary the ear,
we are here suddenly arrested by seeing spread out before us a plain, that without
sign of water, of vegetation, or of animal life, stretches away, as far as the eye can
reach, in a north-westerly direction; behind which rise mountains that gradually fade
away in the distance, with here and there only a peak lightly tipped with snow.»³
He points out that even from the time of the earliest missionary travellers in
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