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| 0360 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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pass Takte-la, crossed by the road; Dem-tanar, valley looking S.E.; then the valley
Sagung looking north and coming from the low pass Sagung-la; then the valley
Kuju-tagma looking north; and finally the very high pass Pa-la, the highest of all
on the eastern road. On its other, obviously S.E., side are Tsamalung and Tanak
or Sta-nakbo, ‹the black horse›, not far from the mouth of the above-mentioned
tributary Ta-nakpo-chu.
Only a few suggestions can be made from this itinerary. One of them is,
however, important, and, combining all the existing facts, I now feel inclined to
abandon the assumption I maintained in my popular account,¹ where I regarded it
as probable that the Sela-la and Khalamba-la were situated in one and the
same range, namely the western continuation of the classic Nien-chen-tang-la, the
existence of which was already known by the Capuchin missionaries. For it is
more likely that the Pabla, from Sela-la, continues E. and E.N.E. in the direction
of the S.W. corner of the Tengri-nor, but comes to an end before reaching so far.
Goring-la and Khalamba-la are situated in the Nien-chen-tang-la, which from there
continues to the W.S.W. Therefore the upper Shang-chu, from Khalamba-la to
Namling-dsong is nearly parallel with that range, which sends down right tributaries
to the river. Further W.S.W. the high and difficult Pa-la is a pass in the Nien-
chen-tang-la, and the Ta-nakpo-chu is a comparatively short river. Still further
W.S.W. Dangbä-la is a pass in the Nien-chen-tang-la, which then, somewhere east
of Pa-la, ceases to function as a water-parting between the closed plateau-land and
the Tsangpo. For already Pa-la is only a water-parting between Bup-chu and Ta-
nakpo-chu, and Dangbä-la between Bup-chu and Rung-chu. In spite of there being
only two principal ranges, the Pabla and Nien-chen-tang-la, there are, as on the
western road, a labyrinth of ridges and ramifications, and south of Sela-la the road
crosses four passes instead of one, namely Kungcha-la, Takta-la, Sagung-la and Pa-la.
Of some interest is the name Nien-chungsa as compared with Nien-chen, ‹the
little and the great Nien›, indicating that Nien-chungsa should rather belong to
Nyen-chen-tang-la than to Pabla.
If my assumption is correct, the Nien-chen-tang-la is, west of Dangbä-la,
pierced by Mü-chu-tsangpo and continues westwards along the northern bank of
Raga-tsangpo to the neighbourhood of Amchok-tso, where it comes to an end.
This explanation is more natural than my earlier belief that Khalamba-la, Sela-la,
Chang-la-Pod-la and Angden-la were all situated in one and the same range, and
that there should exist between the Mü-chu and Ta-nakpo-chu a meridional rami-
fication or several irregular ramifications to the south or S.W. from Nien-chen-tang-la.
There is also a hydrographical indication that my theory is correct. For if
we regard the northern tributaries to the Tsangpo, from Lhasa to Amchok-tso, we
find that they decrease in length from east to west, which, of course, depends upon
the fact that the range and the river-valley slowly diverge from west to east. The
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