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| 0532 |
Southern Tibet : vol.3 |
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the largest. From Camp 384, where the height is 4 832 m, the valley makes a
sharp turn to the S.S.W. The living rock is here calcareous schist. From Samye-la
to Camp 384 the river has followed the great latitudinal valley, which begins at
Tarok-tso. But in the neighbourhood of Camp 384 this valley comes to an end,
and the river pierces the southern or Lunpo-gangri range, which is much lower here
than further N.W.
The often interrupted terraces are 10 to 15 m high; the road either follows
their tops, or goes along the slopes or in the bottom of the valley. Rapids become
more frequent; the ice disappears. In the background of two pretty large valleys
from the north comparatively high mountains are to be seen. The river grows
gradually and has at Camp 385 4 cub. m, after having received the great right tri-
butary Rukchok, which seems to originate from the southern side of the Lunpo-
gangri. The joint valley goes to the S.E. and becomes broader; to its right, S.W.,
are considerable mountains with some snow on their northern slopes. The rock is
green schist. To the N. 57° W. and N. 62° W. the two highest peaks of Lunpo-
gangri are still visible.
Camp 386 is at the bank of Chaktak-tsangpo, which here carried (April 19)
6 cub. m; a short distance below this camp the joint Samye-Rukchok river enters
the Chaktak, which continues southwards past Pasaguk to the great Tsangpo. At
Camp 386 the valley of the Chaktak-tsangpo is fairly narrow; it has a well developed
terrace at its left side; to the N. 49° E. a snowy peak is visible. The solid rock
is green schist. This region is a real labyrinth of mountains and deep wild
valleys.
Continuing eastwards I one day got an opportunity to follow this part of the
middle Chaktak-tsangpo upwards; above Camp 387 the river pierces the Kanchung-
gangri, and, below Camp 386, it pierces the Lunpo-gangri, and therefore shows
itself to be a very energetic river. We have found its sources to be situated on
the Lapchung range at both sides of the Sangmo-bertik-la. Some nomads at Camp
387 called the river Lap-kamba and its valley Lap-lungpa and asserted that the
name Chaktak-tsangpo was only used below Pasa-guk.
Above Camp 386 the Chaktak valley is broad, about 1 km, and the ascent
slow; the erosion terraces are sharp cut; there are good pasture grounds in the
bottom of the valley. This part of the valley is fairly straight and the river not
very winding. Sometimes the river is divided into several arms. Only one con-
siderable tributary enters from the south; from the north there are several smaller
tributaries. At Camp 387 we again leave the Chaktak-tsangpo which, in its lowest
part, is seen coming from the N. 10° W. The height is 4 702. The general direc-
tion is, however, N.E.—S.W., as the river comes from Lapchung-tso, which is situ-
ated to the N.E. Not far away to the N.N.E. two moderate snowy peaks are
visible, said to send a considerable tributary to the Chaktak-tsangpo. A little tri-
angular plain is formed where the two rivers meet. The main river was called
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