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| 0211 |
Southern Tibet : vol.4 |
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had not been so low down as at *Camp LVIII* since *Camp XXXII* or 26 days'
marches away.
The part of the latitudinal valley where we were now marching, slopes very
gradually to the S. S. W. The western part of the same valley falls to the east
towards the little salt lake, *Kung-tsaka*. Our route is crossed by many erosion
furrows, some of which are filled from springs. Between them there are very flat
undulations of red sand covered with grass. Antelopes and kyangs were seen, but
only one yak. The day's march was very monotonous. At *Camp LVIII*, there
was a spring and several fireplaces, some of which seemed to be only 15 days old.
Dung of tame sheep was seen at two or three places.
To *Camp LIX*, on *November 10th*, the distance was 14.5 km., and the ground
ascended 103 m. or at a rate of 1:141. The height at this camp was 4,992 m.
Strong S. W. wind as usual with clouds of dust and sand! The landscape is
uninteresting and monotonous, soft undulated plateau-land with no considerable
mountains in sight. Near *Camp LVIII* we cross a few ice-sheets, from springs,
directed to the W. S. W. to the lowest part of the depression where lake *Kung-
tsaka* must be situated, though the lake itself was never in sight. It looked
like a flat white depression, but later on we were told a lake existed there. A
larger erosion bed with a white floor and ice passed from south of *Camp LVIII* to
this depression and received the above-mentioned ice-beds from the springs. Ascending
amongst flat, soft, sandy hills we again got a fine view to the south where the
dark little snow-covered peak appeared straight south; the same one that rose in the
S. 42° E. as seen from the pass on *November 8th*, Pan. 68A, Tab. 11. At three
places, Tibetan hunters had had their cooking-pots boiling. To the east the country
is rather level with only small ridges and not a single snow-covered mount. To the
E. S. E. there now appears a lake, which, as we found later on, is called *Gomo-tsaka*,
intensily blue in its center and with very flat white shores, thus being a salt lake.
The watercourses we crossed are probably destined to this lake. To the S. E. the
country seems to be level and easy.
Leaving the hills, we had to cross a plain and directed our march towards
the opening of a valley in the mountain range bordering the plain to the south.
In the protection of a little spur, the camp was pitched near an open spring of
fresh water. The name of this valley is *Lungnak*. Here was an ordinary camping
place of Tibetans as could be seen from the several tripods for cooking pots around
the spring. Pan. 67, Tab. 10, is taken from this camp, showing a contour of the
hills to the north, N. E. and east and in this same direction, lake *Gomo-tsaka*, as
well as some of the mountains farther south.
At a short distance up in this little valley the first Tibetan tent was found,
inhabited by one woman and three children. Her two husbands had gone to *Gertse*.
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16
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29
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43
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57
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68
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81
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92
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107
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119
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131
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144
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162
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177
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190
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205
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219
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230
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241
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253
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266
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279
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302
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315
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327
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339
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354
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366
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379
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393
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404
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416
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429
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441
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453
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464
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474
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484
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495
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505
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519
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529
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541
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552
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568
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583
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600
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615
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629
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643
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654
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665
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677
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692
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707
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725
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736
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746
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756
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