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| 0292 |
Southern Tibet : vol.4 |
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CHAPTER XI.
TO DUMBOK-TSO.
On *December 13th* our journey proceeds to the S. E. and S.S.E. From *Nasa* we
have 4.2 km. to the pass *Gyanyak-la* or *La-gyanyak,* as it is also called, the altitude of
which is 5,161 m., meaning a rise of 391 m., or at the unusually steep rate of 1:10.7.
On the southern side of the pass we have 2.8 km. to *Camp LXXXVII,* where the height
is 4,875 m., or a descent of 276 m., being a fall of 1:10.1. The profile of the lati-
tudinal range in which the pass is situated is, therefore, comparatively accentuated.
At about 9 o'clock p. m. a regular S. W. storm set in and continued the whole
night and the next day. The minimum temperature was only —10.3°, or 21.2° warmer
than the previous night. Such enormous variations are indeed curious. The sky
was covered by heavy clouds, hindering the usual strong radiation. All loose
material was swept away by the wind. The corrasion of the ground is, to a large
extent, stopped by two factors. In the summer the loose material, dust and sand,
is bound by moisture and rain and cannot then be moved even by the strongest winds.
In winter the same material is frozen, by which the force of the wind is diminished.
But at seasons when the ground is dry, and the temperature above zero, the wind
has an enormous force, and we have, as I have said before, had occasion to see
the results of its energy.
At *Nasa* wolves were very numerous. As soon as we had left the valley
and its ice-sheets, the ground began to rise, and we climbed the slopes of the
western hills which were cut through by several small, but deep and tiring, dry
watercourses, all going down to the rivulet of *Nasa.* In the principal bed from the
pass, there was a good deal of ice. The western hills are all ramifications from the
principal range containing the pass, a range which probably is a water-parting
between the *Bogtsang-tsang-po* and the *Tang-yung-tsaka,* unless there is another
self-contained basin to the north of the last-mentioned lake. Approaching the pass,
the ascent becomes very steep. To our left we have the pass-valley with its ice
bed, coming from a spring surrounded by good grass. In some of the side valleys
there is also some ice. The region is very rich in springs. Finally we reach the
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541
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568
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583
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600
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615
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629
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643
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654
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665
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677
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692
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707
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725
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736
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746
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756
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