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| 0416 |
Southern Tibet : vol.4 |
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covered ranges are seen at a great distance. This picturesque landscape was sketched
in water colours.
On *January 19th,* our route is E. S. E. for 12.5 km., rising from 5,110 m.
to 5,305 m. at *Camp CCCVIII,* or 195 m., being a rate of 1:64. The minimum
temperature was —23.9° in spite of the sky being quite clear, but the usual S. W.
wind was blowing. The valley is narrow, as a rule only 100 m. broad, and winding
a little; at one place the breadth is only 10 m. between hard, horizontally stratified,
terraces. Its bottom is full of gravel. Higher up, ice appears and finally forms a
continuous ribbon in the bed of the erosion furrow. Sometimes we proceed on the
soft slopes of the mighty southern mountains. We follow a path probably trodden
by wild animals. Grass and *yapehan* is seen nearly everywhere, and dung of wild
yak is abundant. The narrow valley finally opens out into a round plain, draining
to the valley we have followed, and surrounded everywhere by mountains. Only to
the south, there seems to be a rather flat threshold, beyond which new ranges are
seen. We stick to the slopes of the northern mountains, traversed by many erosion
furrows and having vegetation everywhere. The principal watercourse, containing
some ice, is to the south, slowly turning north in search of its exit to the latitudinal
valley. Continuing eastwards we crossed a very flat threshold, east of which were
high difficult mountains, partly with eternal snow and rudimentary glaciers. We,
therefore, decided to turn south the next day, where the country was easier. In the
meantime, *Camp CCCVIII* was pitched just east of the pass, perhaps 10 m. below
the crest. A strong S. W. wind was blowing. Everything necessary was abundant
in the region. In the evening we had a severe storm for half an hour. In the
middle of the narrow valley, the living rock consisted of red conglomerate, and in
the upper part of the same valley, of grey dense limestone. The view around this
camp is shown on Pan. 397A and B, Tab. 70. To the S. W. and W. S. W. are
the irregular peaks of the range, bordering the little plain to the west. N. W., north,
and N. N. E. is the hill in the vicinity of the pass and the camp. To the N. E.
and east are irregular ridges and peaks and N. 66° E., a snow-covered group.
E. S. E. and S. E. is a large accentuated group, cut through by transverse valleys
in all directions. To the S. S. W. is the open country by which we continued the
next day.
After a horrible night with a S. W. storm and a temperature of —24.6°, we
continued, on *January 20th,* nearly south, a little towards the west, for 12.3 km.
As *Camp CCCIX* has a height of 5,242 m., the fall is 63 m., or at a rate of 1:195.
On the way a point with a height of 5,324 m. is passed. From *Camp CCCVIII*
or its neighbourhood, Wellby and Malcolm seem to have passed N. N. E. They
came from S. S. W. about the same way as I now travelled, but in the opposite
direction. We travelled on the western slopes of the snow-mountains east of our
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339
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354
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366
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379
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393
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404
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413
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419
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429
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441
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453
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464
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474
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484
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495
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505
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519
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529
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541
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552
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568
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583
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600
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615
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629
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643
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654
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665
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677
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692
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707
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725
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736
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746
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756
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