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0658	Southern Tibet : vol.4
南チベット : vol.4

The last section of the road down to the *Tselung* valley is extremely steep, a series of zigzags amongst gravel and natural steps. The *Tselung* valley comes from the N. N. W. At its left or eastern side is seen a small hanging glacier on a high rock. Where the valley from the eastern side of *Dolma-la* joins the *Tselung* valley, the altitude is 5,301 m. At the junction a sheepfold of stone was built at the side of a large block. A pilgrim whom we met here told us that the *Tselung* valley has this name only in its upper half, and is called *Lam-chüker* lower down. It comes from a pass, *Tsemo-la*, which is not far from *Tsete-la* (*Tseti-la*, as it was pronounced by other Tibetans). *Tsete* was the name of the region in which these two passes are situated. It is not inhabited. From the place, at 5,301 m., the *Singi-kabab* or source of the *Indus* could be reached in two days, which also proved to be correct.

From the junction our direction becomes S. S. W. The ground is covered with tussock-grass and is swampy from many small rills from the mountains. The *Tselung-chu* had a good deal of water. On the sides grey granite as before, vertically cleft. There are everywhere signs of camps and campfires. *Kando-sanglam* is a considerable valley from the right. In the background of this valley, which carried a considerable brook, a part of the *Kailas* is again visible (Vol. II, p. 212).

Two *mani* walls built parallel with one another indicate the place where the granite comes to an end, and the sandstone and conglomerate again begin. Granite, however, prevails for a while amongst the gravel and the blocks in the bottom of the valley, but by and by the sandstone debris become more common. The first mountain shoulder at the left side of the valley, consisting of horizontally stratified sandstone and conglomerate, is called *Shalma-ri-dongbo*; between it and the last granite mass is a small nameless valley. From the right another valley opens out, through which the afternoon sun was shining, the rest of the main valley being in the shade. Antelopes were seen grazing and not shy at all, as nobody kills them here.

Our road follows the base of a block scree. A *chorten* is passed. From the left the valley *Topchen* enters, being of the same size as the *Tselung*. It comes from the pass, *Topchen-la*, which probably is situated in the same range as the *Tseti-lachen-la*.

Our valley is broad and the road improves. There are many *manis* and *chortens*. Blocks become less numerous, and mostly consist of sandstone and conglomerate. Mighty mountain ridges rise both to the right and left always with the characteristic, nearly horizontal, stratification.

At *Tsumtul-pu-gompa, Camp CCXXXII*, the altitude was 4,863 m. The living rock was yellowish grey sandstone-conglomerate falling from 2° to 12° to the S. 30° E. Blocks and gravel in the neighbourhood consisted of fine-grained conglomerate. A spring comes up at the place protected by stone walls. *Tsumtul-pu* is a

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト 『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ