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| 0659 |
Southern Tibet : vol.4 |
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solid, well-built monastery of the same kind as the others around the *Kailas*. The
best place for the night is on its roof. In the temple hall there is a pair of ele-
phant tusks, just as in *Nyandi-gompa*. There are four lamas subject to *Tarchen-
labrang*.
The last day of the excursion, *September 5th,* took us 17.6 km. W. S. W. from
4,863 m. to 4,629 m. at *Khaleb*, a descent of 234 m. or as 1:75, though the fall
is not regular, as we made a short visit to *Tarchen-labrang*.
The road down from *Tsumtul-pu-gompa* is very rich in *manis*. The descent
is gradual and comfortable, the road good, and situated on the top of the right
terrace. The river of *Dopchen-chu* is considerable; as a rule it is streaming in one
bed, sometimes in two or three branches. From the right a comparatively large
tributary enters; at the right side of its mouth the strata are very folded. On both
sides of the main valley mighty peaks are rising, being the last sharp-edged rami-
fications, below which the forms become more moderate and rounded, until the last
hills finally merge into the plain north of the *Rakas-tal*. The lake itself is visible,
shining blue with the brilliant *Gurla-mandata* to the south.
At one place where the river is pressed together in a very narrow gorge, we
have to pass on the slopes above the valley. Here the round blocks of several
cubic meters in size, are generally granite. The living rock is dark dense lime-
stone dipping 44° N. 20° W., and crossed by numerous veins of calespar. The river
is foaming and boiling between perpendicular rocks. Weathered granite, sandstone
and conglomerate are also to be found. The next specimen of rock is dolomitic
and magnesitic weathering-products dipping 36° W. Grey magnesitic mass stands
in a narrow belt vertically from N. 47° W. to S. 47° E. Then follows brownish
magnesitic mass and greyish green sandstone-conglomerate dipping 71° S. 10° W.
Reddish brown limestone and dark-green serpentine, in 85° S. 15° W., were standing
at a cairn on the right side of the valley. A large part of the débris in the valley
consists of green serpentine. A short distance below the cairn there is white quartz.
The *Dopchen-chu*, after leaving the mountains, seems to cross the plain to the
S. 29° W. and is certainly identical with the brook of *Parka*, or the branches we
crossed just west of *Parka*. The *Kailas* is not at all in sight. Several *manis* are
passed. On the left side of the river were two nomad-tents and flocks of sheep.
At a place in the very mouth of the valley where two big *manis* were built, the
altitude is 4,689 m. Below this place there are still several *manis*, which indicate
the neighbourhood of the sacred *Kang-rinpoche* and its temples.
Our road now turns to the N. W., crossing the last slopes from the *Kailas*
group. The road is excellent. To our left is the extended plain, and in the distance
*Parka* is just visible. Below our road there is a good deal of bush vegetation. From
the right or north a valley comes out with a little brook. A *mani* along the road
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541
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568
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583
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600
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615
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629
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677
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692
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707
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725
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736
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746
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756
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