Southern Tibet : vol.7 / 209 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0209	Southern Tibet : vol.7
南チベット : vol.7

been expected, the Transhimalaya, but the Mus-tagh, a branch of the Himalaya and
identical with the meridional Imaus of Ptolemy. The Kailas is regarded as a branch
of the Mus-tagh, which, to a certain degree, may indeed be said to be the case.
The great French scholar, Abel-Rémusat correctly identifies the Kara-korum
with the Mus-tagh. In a review of Hugh Murray's book he says:¹
On voit encore Karakoroum placé à deux endroits, suivant Danville et suivant Ficher,
quoiqu'il n'y ait plus à présent le moindre doute sur les causes qui avaient induit en erreur
le savant géographe français, et ce même nom de Kara-Koroum donné comme synonyme
de Mous-tagh à la chaîne de montagnes qui sépare le petit Tibet du pays de Yerkiyang
et de Khotan.
Rémusat also discusses the map of Murray accompanying his work (Pl. XXV).²
This map is of great interest as illustrating the orographical conception of Murray.
The enormous range of mountains known of old is called, to the north of Herat,
Paropamisan Mountains, to the north of Kabul Hindoo Coosh, to the north of Attock
Indian Caucasus, and thence to the S. E. Himaleh or Himachal Mounts. North of
the eastern part of this range is Tibet, and north of its western part Cashgar and
Little Tibet. In the latter country is a nameless range running N. W.—S. E. which
is pierced by the joint Indus. This river is formed by two branches, one coming
from the N. W., the other from S. E. from the neighbourhood of Ewan-Hrad Lake.
Where the two branches join is Leh or Luddack. On the uppermost Indus is Gortope
to the east of Cailas Mts., which is a range in connection both with Himaleh and
the nameless range. Parallel with and N. E. of the latter is Mus Tag or Kara
Koorum Mountains, the western part of which forms the southern boundary of Little
Bukaria, whilst the eastern enters Tibet in a S. E. direction. A second branch from
the Kara Koorum stretches to the east, south of Lop-nor and is called Musart of Pallas,
which is obviously a misunderstanding of Pallas' meaning. The western margin of Eastern
Turkestan is composed of a meridional range without a name. To the west of it
is a range called Pamer Mountains. Murray's map gives an excellent idea of the
standpoint of European knowledge regarding the Kara-korum in the year 1820.
In connection with the Chinese geography described in Vol. VIII, I mention Abel-
Rémusat's opinion regarding the Ts'ung-ling Mountains. In the present historical
account his orography in the Kara-korum regions should not be missing, even with
the risk that the same passage may, in one or two cases, be quoted twice.
To the period dealt with in this chapter, also belong the journeys of the
Gerard brothers. They had, however, no occasion to study the Kara-korum System.
J. G. Gerard, one of the martyrs of exploration, who died on Sir Alex. Burnes'
expedition to Bokhara, speaks of the dreadful symptoms felt in crossing the mountains:

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