Southern Tibet : vol.7 / 52 ページ（カラー画像）

0052	Southern Tibet : vol.7
南チベット : vol.7

0052

Southern Tibet : vol.7

南チベット : vol.7

In the N. W. corner of the map, the mountains have been arranged in the
form of a square, including Chabul Reg., this being the single orographical feature
on his map where Monserrate has not been able to make himself independent of
Ptolemy. To the north we find Paharopanisvs, which seems to start northwards at
right angles to the latitudinal Cavcasisvs. In the west and south, and partly east, is
Paharhvaetvs. To the N. E. the square is partly bounded by the Caspvs, which, as
one single range, continues to the east and S. E., where the name, S. W. of Casmir,
is written once more, and where the mountain system becomes broader and more
complicated.

The Caspvs immediately and farther S. E., goes over into the Imavs, which,
N. E. of Agra, makes a very sharp bend to the east, where the name is entered a
second time. The Cavcasisvs, being situated north of Qhabul, corresponds to Hindu-
kush. The Paharopanisvs, situated north of Hindu-kush, represents the western parts
of the Pamirs. The Paharhvaetvs corresponds to the mountains west, south and
S. E. of Kabul, amongst others the Suleiman System. As the western Caspvs has
been placed north of the sharp bend of the Indus, it ought to represent the Kara-
korum, though the general situation shows us that he means parts of N. W. Himalaya.

His Imavs is, of course, Himalaya, and the most interesting feature of his
representation of this system is, that he has drawn it, not as one single range, but
as five or six parallel ranges, which is indeed very surprising, as cartographers
hundreds of years later sketched only one range. A glorious exception to this
rule is Jacopo Gastaldi's map of 1561, which is, however, of a quite different type
from Monserrate's, for Gastaldi has, in the N. W., eight or nine ranges, and between
the sources of the Ganges and Diserto de Camvl, two ranges. In 1730 Strahlen-
berg in these same regions had only one Mus Tagk alias Imaus Mons (Vol. I, Pl. XLIX).
B. H. Hodgson on his maps of 1849 and 1857 had one mighty and one rather small
range, with transverse ranges issuing from the first (Vol. III, Pl. XV, and Pl. II, here.)
Disregarding the natural misrepresentation in detail, Monserrate was far before his
time, when he sketched the Himalaya as a very broad system, not as a single range.
As I have shown in Vol. III the Transhimalaya has had to go through the same
stages of development, though it belongs to a much later epoch.¹

The name Tibet is missing, but, written in pencil by the anonymous commen-
tator: Both et Bothant, both names placed south of Manasarovar and north of
Himalaya. This seems to indicate that the commentator and probably Monserrate

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