Southern Tibet : vol.7 / 581 ページ（カラー画像）

0581	Southern Tibet : vol.7
南チベット : vol.7

0581

Southern Tibet : vol.7

南チベット : vol.7

Near Polu the Keriya-darya leaves the narrow gorge in which it pierces the
principal range of the Kwen-lun. This part of its course still remains unexplored
and will probably for ever remain inaccessible. DUTREUIL DE RHINS who tried that
road had to return. ZUGMAYER again reached the river at Baba-Hatun or Arash;
at some places here the breadth is so much as 50 or 60 m. In the prolongation
of its valley to the S. W. a little river is regarded as its source, and is marked as
such on existing maps, for instance on Stieler's Handatlas, where Keriya-kotel is
marked as the watershed between the Keriya-darya and Lake Lighten. Somewhat
different and also incorrect, the hydrography of this place is given on RAWLING'S
map in The Great Plateau. This rivulet has only ¹⁄₁₀ of the volume of the Keriya-
darya, which in reality gets most of its water from the watercourse at which Zug-
mayer's Camps XI—XIII are situated. Zugmayer thus was able to fix the situation
of the upper part of the principal branch of the Keriya-darya and to correct the
misunderstanding which had hitherto existed on the maps.

Near his camp XII the secrets of the mountains were opened by the deep
valley of the river, and he found that the nucleus of these mountains consisted of
granite, on the top of which was 20 m. of sandstone, and this again was covered
by lava. The lava beds finally were to a great extent hidden by aeolian deposits
and detritus.

Zugmayer criticises the maps of DEASY and RAWLING for these regions and
finds the Russian 40 versts map much better, although it has the error of identifying
Lake Lighten with Yeshil-kul.

Between the tributary of the Keriya-darya which comes from the Keriya-kotel,
and the river which goes to Lake Lighten he found a sma'ler self-contained basin.
He believes the name Keriya Kütel is a false etymology, as it ought to be Kara-
kotel. I think Keriya-kotel is more correct, at least I only heard this name. The
pass Zugmayer crossed between his camps XV and XVI, being 5,690 m. high, corres-
ponds with the Keriya-kotel of the maps. His pass between camp XVI and XVII,
being 5,650 m. high, corresponds with the pass marked on the Russian map. Deasy
and Rawling have misunderstood the geography of this place.

Zugmayer, finding the form of Yeshil-kul different on all existing maps, says
that the lake in reality changes, depending on the amount of inflowing water. A
steady desiccation is going on. He had no opportunity to measure the depth but
believes, on account of the flatness of its basin, that the maximum depth must be
at the most 5 m.¹ From old shore-lines he saw that the lake must have been
several times larger formerly than nowadays. At the northern shore, not far from

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト 『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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