Southern Tibet : vol.7 / 597 ページ（カラー画像）

0597	Southern Tibet : vol.7
南チベット : vol.7

0597

Southern Tibet : vol.7

南チベット : vol.7

423

Oestreich uses the name Transhimalaya and explains his meaning of it in the
following words:
Mit diesem in der Literatur sehr verbreiteten Namen sei der Kürze halber die sonst
so schwer als einheitlicher Komplex zu fassende Gesamtheit des Gebirgslandes zwischen
Kashmir und dem Indus bezeichnet.¹

About the same time Prince P. KRAPOTKIN published his article *The Oro-
graphy of Asia*, in which he classifies the mountain ranges of the whole interior
of the great continent. KRAPOTKIN subdivides his »Great Plateau of East Asia» into
1. The lofty terrace of Tibet, itself subdivided into two terraces and with an appendage
in the Pamirs; 2. N. W. Mongolia, continued in the Vitim plateau; and 3. the lower
terrace including the Tarim depression and the Gobi.

Entering upon the details of the »Tibet Terrace» he adds:

A series of chains of mountains having their foot on the plateau and separated from
each other by high longitudinal valleys, 14,000 to 15,000 feet of altitude, run parallel to
the Himalayas, and of these, the Karakoram mountains rise high above the snow-line,
their loftiest peak, the Dapsang, being only 300 feet lower than the Gaurisankar.²

The different theories of Krapotkin are of great interest, though sometimes
built up rather on his brilliant imagination than on real solid observation. He uses
the word plateau, and cannot accept the substitute »peneplain» proposed by American
geologists, a view with which I heartily sympathise. His general orographical map
reproduced here as Pl. LXX, is interesting so far as it gives the boundaries of
the Tibetan Plateau, and he differentiates between the border ranges of the plateau
and the chains of mountains having their foot on the plateau, proving that he is
familiar with the important part played by the enormous deposits of the interior
of Tibet. However, he has not been able to abolish the phantastic range running
S. W.—N. E. across the Indo-Chinese rivers and introduced by RICHTHOFEN and
SAUNDERS. It is surprising that anybody could believe in its existence still so late
as in 1904.

In France the views of DUTREUIL DE RHINS regarding the general orography
were still sometimes accepted. L. DE MILLOUÉ writes for instance:³

Le système orographique du Tibet peut être considéré, dans son ensemble général,
comme formant deux vastes plateaux séparés par une région sensiblement plus basse et
beaucoup moins accidentée. L'un, le plateau du Tibet proprement dit est limité au sud
par l'Himàlaya, et au nord par une chaîne de moindres hauteurs qui court à peu près
parallèle à la courbe qui décrit l'Himâlaya. L'autre, que l'on peut appeler le plateau des
Nanchan, ou Montagnes du Sud, est délimité par la chaîne des Kouén-loun, au nord, et
au sud par une autre chaîne courant du nord-est au sud-ouest, des monts Bayan-kara au
Gandi-séri.

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