国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0738 |
Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
| 南チベット : vol.7 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
of the Great Himalaya. A comparison between this valley and the two already
considered is difficult on account of the difference in the stages of development
reached by the three great valleys. The northernmost has reached farthest in matu-
rity, as its old river all the way from Selling-tso to the neighbourhood of Tso-ngombo
is dead and buried under subaerial and sedimentary deposits, and only its uppermost
course from Tang-la to Selling-tso is still alive.
In the second valley to the south, the Tengri-nor—Nganglaring-tso depression,
the upper courses of the rivers flowing to the west and east are still in function, viz.
the Soma-tsangpo or possibly a yet unknown river from the Targo-gangri to the
eastern part of Teri-nam-tso, and the Targo-tsangpo. But still there is more hydro-
graphical life and a greater abundance of water in this second valley. The lakes
are more numerous and generally larger than those in the first valley, where only
Selling-tso exceeds in size all lakes except Tengri-nor; and all the larger tributaries
of the two old main rivers are still in function, though the volume of water they
now bring down from the heigths of the Transhimalaya is not sufficient to give
rise to any great rivers with an outflow to the ocean.
The third great valley, the one of the Upper Brahmaputra or Tsangpo, has still
a drainage that is strong enough to flow the whole year round and to reach the
ocean. In these relations we get a very clear illustration of the distribution of the
precipitation which is carried by the south-west monsoon towards the world of high
mountains situated to the north of India. By far the greatest portion of the mois-
ture is caught by the southernmost and highest mountains, the Himalayan ranges.
But a considerable number of wet clouds find their way across the Himalaya and
deliver to the northern sides of the water-parting Himalaya and the southern
sides of the Transhimalaya, a sufficient quantity of precipitation to give rise to the
river Tsangpo. Even on the northern side of the Transhimalaya the precipitation
is abundant enough to feed such rivers as the Buptsang-tsangpo, Targo-tsangpo
and others. Having crossed the Himalaya and Transhimalaya, the monsoon winds
arrive comparatively dry at the mountain ranges bordering the Panggong—Sell-
ing-tso valley, which therefore has only small lakes and rivers, the greatest being
the Tsanger-shar, the Bogtsang-tsangpo and the Yagyü-rapga. The Selling-tso
and its principal feeder, the Sachu-tsangpo, occupy an exceptional position as
they derive their water from the gigantic Tang-la Ranges which probably receive
precipitation not only from the south-west monsoon, but also from other prevailing
winds. Further, the same condition as in the south, viz. that the precipitation
decreases towards the interior of Tibet, also obtains in the east. From whatever
quarter the winds come they have already got rid of the greathest portion of their
moisture on the high peripheric mountain ranges surrounding the interior plateau-
land as ramparts.
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17
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28
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38
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49
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60
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70
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81
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92
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105
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117
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128
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138
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150
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161
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177
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190
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202
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214
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225
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237
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251
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263
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277
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291
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302
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315
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329
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342
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352
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363
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375
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386
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397
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407
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420
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432
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444
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457
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467
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478
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488
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499
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510
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520
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530
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541
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552
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563
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573
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583
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593
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605
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615
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625
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635
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646
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656
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666
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681
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693
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704
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714
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726
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735
737
738
739
740
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747
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758
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773
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788
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801
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813
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833
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848
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864
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|
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876
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|
888
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