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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books
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| 0094 |
Southern Tibet : vol.8 |
Citation Information
OCR Text
*Udyāna*, is situated on the Swat. With which places the last stations before *Gandhāra* should be identified, *viz.*, Mang-o-po, Kao-t'ou, Mo-tan and Hsin-tu (Sindhu), does not belong to our problem, the Ts'ung-ling.
On the other hand, in connection with the stay in *Chiu-shih-mi-lo* (Kashmir), a few indications are given, which point to two *Ts'ung-ling roads* to *Bolor* in the Gilgit valley and to *Ladak* in Western Tibet:
Le royaume est entouré des quatre côtés par des montagnes qui lui font un rempart extérieur; on y a ouvert en tout trois chemins sur lesquels on a établi des fermetures. A l'est, un chemin joint le *T'ou-fan* (Tibet); au nord, un chemin pénètre dans le royaume de *Po-liu*; le chemin qui part de la porte de l'ouest va dans le *K'ien-t'o-lo* (Gandhāra).
4. WU-K'UNG'S HOMEWARD ROUTE.
On his way home (in 790 A. D.) Wu-k'ung entered the Ts'ung-ling from *Tokharistan*. As the first station he mentions was the country *Kumēdh* in Darwaz, it is probable that he so far had taken the same road as, nearly 700 years before, the agents of the Macedonian Maes had travelled when they, starting from Syria, went out searching for the Land of Silk (*vide supra*, p. 15). Wu-k'ung mentions the passage of the *Ts'ung-ling* in the following few words:
Il avança progressivement et arriva au royaume de *Kiu-mi-tche* . . . puis il arriva au royaume de *Ni-se-tche*¹ . . . ensuite il arriva au royaume de *Che-ni*: en voyageant ainsi, il passa trois années; il surmonta un grand nombre de dangers et de difficultés; en sacrifiant son corps et en exposant sa vie, son cœur était résolu à être reconnaissant envers son pays; il désirait servir son prince et ses parents. Le saint compatissant le surveilla avec sollicitude. Puis il arriva à *Sou-lei* (Kashgar).
An examination of the map will make it appear rather probable that Wu-k'ung, from *Chü-mi-chih* (Kumedh), used the difficult road southward through the *Oxus valley*, that brought him to *Shih-ni* (Shighnān) via *Ni-se-chih*, the latter impossible to identify. The last portion of the road across the *Pamir* to *Kashgar* cannot be fixed.
Even if we are completely left in the dark regarding several important points, still the narrative of Wu-k'ung is very valuable to us, in that he does not lead us along the ordinary roads of the pilgrims, but takes us to perfectly new parts of the *Ts'ung-ling*.²
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