国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

huts are built. Here is also the burial place of the region with three gumbes or
tomb monuments. The Kirgizes of this place, and of Keng-kol and Charling, are
Kipchak. One and a half hour's journey down the Charling is the aul of Jilande;
still lower down is a place called Togan-turuk; one tash still further down are two
jilgas: Terek-öse to the right with three inhabited huts, and to the left Yanda-
koli with Kirgiz yeilaks. From Chihil-gumbes there are three roads: to Keng-kol,
to Yarkand and to Tagarma. Merchants' caravans pass often between the two
last-mentioned places. The climate is the same as at Keng-kol. The greatest part
of the rain falls in the early summer.

On July 1st we had to cross the pass of Ter-art. From the camp we had
6 km. W. S. W. to the pass, the altitude of which is 4,040 m., the rise being 874 m.
and the rate 1:6,9; on the other side we had 7.6 km. west and south, descending
to 2,884 m. at Pas-rabat, or a descent of 1,156 m. at a rate of 1:6,6. On both
sides the slopes therefore are very steep.

The eastern Ter-art-jilga had no water. The pass had the same rounded
forms as Kashka-su-davan. The rocks consist of the same crystalline schists as
hitherto, near the pass standing vertically N. W.—S. E. On the western side the
road proceeds by an extremely narrow gorge with some water between erosion terraces.
In its upper part the valley is gravelly, in the lower the ground is soft and grass-
grown; willows appear here and there. There is a good deal of blocks. The brook gets
an affluent from Boramsal-jilga. At 3 o'clock p. m. the valley got filled with light fog
brought hither by the S. E. wind, and at 7 o'clock it began to rain. The valley becomes
broader gradually. Along the base of the mountains are very migthy erosion terraces,
which lower down are swept away along the left side, but on the right continue down
to Pas-rabat. Their height above the floor of the valley is 50 m. and more.

We camped at the karaul-khaneh and aul of Pas-rabat, where three families
of 13 individuals, Kesek Kirgizes, lived. In the vertical erosion terrace opposite
the camp was a round grotto 4.3 m. above the floor, containing some horns of wild
goats and some hay. West of the pass we only heard three names of jilgas, viz.
to the left Toshkan-jilga and to the right Teke-sekerik with, in its higher regions,
a road to Boramsal-jilga and Kara-jilga-davan; then to the right the large Boramsal-
jilga with a road to Kara-tash-davan, situated somewhere N. W. The Boramsal-
jilga may be regarded as the main valley, and the western Ter-art as a tributary
to it. At Pas-rabat the Tengi-tar valley comes from the west and then the joined
river is called Pas-rabat the whole way down to its junction with the Taghdumbash-
darya or Shinde River. The Tengi-tar had near the confluence a breadth of 10 m.
and a maximum depth of 0.4 m.

At the aul of Pas-rabat, which was called Toil-bulung, Toile-bulung or Toyil-
bulung, the landscape is very picturesque, looking up the Boramsal valley with mountain