国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

provinces of Hbog-bchol ; and the twenty-four little and minor kingdoms. These are
found in our southern Hdzam-bu-gliṅ. Then, to the south of the chief mountain of
the middle (Sumeru), there is the 'tree of life' (Bodhi-tree) of Hdzam-bu-gliṅ and
other countries. When the number of the 1,002 Buddhas of this 'Good Kalpa' was
in the period of diminishing, there [appeared] at Rdo-rje-gdan (Vajrāsana) of India,
at the heart of Bodhi (Bodhimanda), the four wheel-turning kings. Let us relate only of the
great ones among them. At the time when the wheel-turning kings lived in the belly
of Mount Ri-rab (Sumeru), fields and grounds being still in the egg, each Buddha
went to do his teaching and accomplished his course. The men of Lha-mi-groṅ-bdun
(the seven towns of the divine men) [then] lived in the belly of Mount Mu-khyud-
bdzin (Nimindhara). They ate nectar and enjoyed the essence [of food]. The people of
Me-tog-snubs-gnas were born on the flowers of the wishing-tree, and enjoyed the
fruits [of it]. The 'men who drank the essence of nectar' were born on the twigs of the
Hdzambu-briksha [tree]; they enjoyed the sap of the Hdzambu-briksha [tree].
The Mi-ham-ci (Kinnaras) and three others ate the fruit of the immortal tea-[tree], and
drank the Kha-źag (foam?) of the ocean. The [so-called] Sdig-btsugs fight against the
sword-carrying ogres. Their food is flesh and blood. The children of the Skyes-drug
are born in the heat of five summers, and die in winter. The Mgo-gñan have heads of
various animals, eat grass, and live in the lakes of the small continents (islands).
As regards the four places of birth :—Hdzam-bu-gliṅ (Jambudvīpa) of the South
was born from the womb ; Lus-bphags-po of the East (Pūrva-Videha) was born out of
moisture ; Ba-laṅ-spyod (Paścima-Godānīya) of the West was born out of an egg ; and
Sgra-mi-sñan of the North (Uttara-Kuru) was born spontaneously. There are four kinds
of 'dwarfs of the frontier', viz. Gam-saṅ-Rgya, Gyim-saṅ-Hor, Ha-le-Mon, and Spu-rgyal-
Bod, these four. There were also four kinds of inner dwarfs, viz. Smra-Zaṅ-źuṅ,
Gtoṅ-gsum-pa, Ldoṅ-me-ṅag, and Se-ha-źa, these four. As regards the four kinds
of separated dwarfs :—one kind was separated from the hyena tribe (?); one kind
was separated from the monkey tribe (?); one kind was separated from the lizard-
brahman tribe (?); one kind was separated from the hoof-tribe (?). These and many
more [creatures] came into existence, more than can be grasped with our minds.
Besides these arose the twenty-four kingdoms, and many more which in course of time
became separated from their kind.
At that time the essence of nectar, of reddish-yellowish colour and of a honey-
like taste, came into existence. The god Gśed-bu (Manu) tasted it, and, having enjoyed
its sweet taste, again and again coveted it. Thereupon all men followed his [example],
and, they having licked it, their bodies became firm and obtained weight and other
attributes ; the light of their bodies deteriorated ; they could no more go up to the
heavens ; and, when it became dark and they were distressed, then by virtue of the
religious merit of the community, in the lifetime of Gśed-can (Manu), the light of
the day, the fiery mirror of the sun, appeared. At the same time, during the lifetime
of Gśed's (Manu's) helpmate, the light of the night, the watery mirror of the moon,
appeared. During the lifetime of Gśed-bu (Manu) the Milky Way appeared. At that