国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

His son was Lha-chen-Dños-grub (c. 1290–1320 A.D.). In the time of this king the usage of novices going to Dbus-Gtsaṅ was first introduced. He also repaired the temples that had been built by his ancestors; but, more important than this, he laid down before the prince of faith, the lord of the three worlds, gold, silver, copper, coral, pearls, etc., all [presents numbering] one hundred. He also caused the Bkah-bgyur to be copied twice and the Gsaṅ-snags-kyi-dkyil-hkhor many times.

NOTES BY DR. MARX

The 'Lord of the three worlds' is either Buddha or Avalokiteśvara. The Tibetan word translated by 'copy' is bźen-ba. It agrees most closely with the German stiften, Stift, Stiftung; an exact equivalent in English I have not been able to discover. The Gsaṅ-snags-kyi-dkyil-hkhor, 'Wheel of Dhāraṇis' (secret spells), is a kind of book, of which there exists a great variety.

NOTES BY THE TRANSLATOR

This king is mentioned in the Māhātmya of Li-kyir as having come to the throne seven generations after Lha-chen-Rgyal-po. Introduction of the Bkah-bgyur, which had just then been completed by Bu-ston. The Mongols received the Bkah-bgyur in 1310 A.D. But it was not translated into Mongolian before the seventeenth century. See the Hor-chos-byuṅ of Hjigs-med-nam-mkhah. If we can trust the Kashmir chronicles, this king was killed by the Kalamira (people of Mkhar-man or Parkuda). Dbus-Gtsaṅ, two important provinces of Central Tibet. Dbus is supposed to be identical with Ptolemy's Dabasse.

His son was Lha-chen-Rgyal-bu-rin-chen (c. 1320–50 A.D.) (L MS. omits the epithet Lha-chen).

NOTES

This king is in all probability identical with Riñchana Bhotta of Jonarāja's Rājataraṅgiṇī of Kashmir, vv. 157–254. See my article, 'References to the Bhottas in the Rājataraṅgiṇī,' Ind. Ant., 1908, pp. 181–92. The Persian History of Kashmir by A'zam tells of Rainchan-Shāh's conversion to Muhammadanism, of the erection of the Bulbul-Lankar in Srinagar by him, and of his erection of a mosque (the Awwāl-Masjid of Srinagar). The Persian History of Kashmir by Maulavi Haidar Malik contains a translation of a lost inscription by Riñchana in his mosque. According to these he was only half Muhammadan. The Ladakhi Song of the Bodro-Masjid speaks of the great saint Bulbul, the king's friend. A song entitled Prince Rin-chen's Departure is found in my article 'Ten Ancient Historical Songs,' Ind. Ant., 1909, pp. 57–68.

His son was Lha-chen-Śes-rab (c. 1350–80 A.D.). In his lifetime this king, having built the hamlet of Seṅ-ge-sgaṅ on the top of the so-called Haṅ-rtse-mo [rock] in Sa-bu, made it a dependency of the Spyaṅ castle of Sa-bu in Mar-yul.

NOTES BY DR. K. MARX

Sa-bu is a village 6 miles south-east of Leh, off the main valley (Survey map: Sobu). The Haṅ-rtse-mo is a rock well known there. The castle is in ruins.

NOTES BY THE TRANSLATOR

This king is omitted in S and L MSS. I visited Sa-bu in 1906, and people told me that the rock was called Hlaṅ-rtse-mo (Glaṅ-rtse-mo), and the castle Saṅ-mkhar (Saṅ would be the Ladakhi pronunciation of Spyaṅ). But the name of the village of Seṅ-ge-sgaṅ was no longer known. The site is on the ridge of mountains west of Sa-bu, and I found the hillside covered with ruined houses.