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| 0368 |
The Pulse of Asia : vol.1 |
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large amount of water which must have been diverted
from the Tarim River by the populous towns of Lulan and
of more remote districts. Next, during the early centuries of
the Christian era, there is a decrease in the recorded size
of the lake, and this even though the towns of Lulan and
other places were being abandoned and their water supply
set free to reinforce the lake. Then, in the Middle Ages,
there appears to have been an expansion of the lake. This
can hardly have been due to diminished use of the rivers for
irrigation, for at that time the population of the Lop basin
appears to have been greater than now, though not equal to
that of the Buddhist epoch of prosperity about a thousand
years earlier. Finally, during the last few hundred years,
there has been a decrease both in the size of the lake and
in the population about it. Thus the fluctuations of Lop-
Nor agree perfectly with the climatic pulsations of which
we have found proof in other parts of the Lop basin and in
Kashmir. Far to the west, at Ordam Pasha, Stein describes
ruins for which no adequate water supply now exists. And
far to the east, the united Bulundsir and Tan-Ho rivers
appear once to have flowed to Lop-Nor. On the dry lower
part of the course which they formerly followed, the natives
describe two ruined sites of the type with which we are
familiar. The Chinese of Dung Khan (Tung Hwang, or Sa-
Chow), higher up on the Tan-Ho, say that the ruins were
abandoned by their ancestors long ago because the water
of the rivers would no longer reach them. In the same
region, the old Chinese local history, translated by Mr.
Hunter, says that certain mountains were formerly cov-
ered with snow all the year round, though now they are
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