国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0150 |
The Pulse of Asia : vol.1 |
| アジアの鼓動 : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
streams grow more sluggish farther away from the moun-
tains; and at last, the very finest particles are deposited in
the terminal salt lake, if the streams are able to persist so
far. By the long continuance of these processes, the basin
floor has been provided with two chief parts. The first is
a somewhat sloping zone of gravel, a characteristic pied-
mont deposit, forming a peripheral ring from five to forty
miles wide at the base of the mountains. The second is a
vast inner plain of sand and clay, nine hundred miles long
by three hundred miles wide, and so flat that it is every-
where sensibly horizontal. The plain is not featureless,
however, for it is clearly divided into three parts, charac-
terized, as the map shows, by vegetation, by sand, and by
lacustrine deposits.
Vegetation is confined chiefly to a narrow but contin-
uous zone encircling the desert areas of sand and lake
deposits, and lying just within the piedmont zone of gravel,
to which it is closely related. Occasional narrow tongues
or bands of vegetation accompany the larger rivers far out
into and even across the sand, but they are relatively un-
important. The relation of the piedmont gravels to the zone
of vegetation must be clearly understood, as it is perhaps
the most important fact in determining the habitability of
the Lop basin. On entering the zone of gravel, the streams
deposit their loads of pebbles, and thereby fill their beds,
making it necessary for the water to seek new channels,
which naturally branch often and are broad and shallow.
Thus a large surface is exposed to evaporation, and the
streams lose in volume. A much greater loss takes place,
however, because of the vast quantities of water which sink
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