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| 0227 |
The Pulse of Asia : vol.1 |
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ruins, as having been a large town with several religious
establishments, either Buddhist lamaseries or temples. It
was situated in the midst of an oasis, called Li-sieh, or Litsa.
A considerable agricultural population was settled round
about, as is shown by numerous remains of ancient irriga-
tion works. Rawak, the more northerly town of the Litsa
oasis, was probably abandoned about 300 A. D., while
Dandan-Uilik itself, to judge from the evidence of manu-
scripts found in the houses, does not appear to have been
finally deserted until a little before 800 A. D. "But," as
Stein says, "the striking preponderance of religious build-
ings . . . suggests the possibility that these local shrines and
their small monastic establishments continued to be kept up
and visited, perhaps as pilgrimage places, for some time
after the rest of the settlement had been abandoned. The
condition in which Mohammedan Ziarets [shrines] are now
often found beyond the present cultivated area of oases
would furnish an exact parallel." Stein concludes that "the
lands of Dandan-Uilik were irrigated from an extension of
the canals which, down to a much later date, brought the
water of the streams of the Chira, Domoko [properly Du-
muka], and Gulakhma to the desert area due south of the
ruins . . . [where] the débris-covered site of Uzun-tati . . .
can be proved by unquestionable evidence to have been occu-
pied for at least five centuries longer. . . . A number of his-
torical as well as topographical observations . . . point to the
conclusion that the successive abandonment of both Dandan-
Uilik and Uzun-tati was due to the same cause, the difficulty
of maintaining effective irrigation for these outlying settle-
ments." Hedin, on the other hand, believes that this can-
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