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| 0288 |
The Pulse of Asia : vol.1 |
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have had far more. So large a number of people could not
be supported to-day without a radical change in the system
of irrigation. Fortunately, the river changed its course as
soon as the desertion of the village allowed the rude dam
of boulders at the head of the old channel to fall into
decay. Accordingly, the irrigation works have not been
subjected to much destruction by floods, and I found them
still almost intact. The difficulty of keeping the river in
its old bed may have been the immediate cause of the
abandonment of the village, but it had nothing to do with
the sufficiency of the water supply of the past as compared
with that of the present. The supply depends upon the
character and width of the river-bed, which are essentially
the same in both cases, the old channel being the wider,
if anything. It also depends on the nature of the irriga-
tion system, which, again, was precisely the same in the
past as it is to-day. Then, as now, the innumerable minor
channels into which the river divides were simply dammed
with banks of gravel dug up close at hand. Thus all the
water was gathered in a single larger channel on one side
of the flood-plain, — a mile wide, — and was led off into
canals, mere ditches dug in gravel or sandy clay, as the case
might be. If the river should again be turned into the
old canals, the available supply of water at the ruins would
apparently be essentially the same as that at the village
to-day.
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