国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0419 |
The Pulse of Asia : vol.1 |
| アジアの鼓動 : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
on the Central Asiatic railroad, a hundred miles east of the
terminus at Krasnovodsk on the Caspian Sea, we saw two
particularly interesting strands at an elevation of two hun-
dred and fifty and one hundred and fifty feet above the Cas-
pian. The lower occupies the position where, according to
the conclusion reached above, the shores of the Scythian
gulf stood in the days of Herodotus and his successors.
If we admit that such an expansion of the Caspian Sea
is an historic fact, the question arises whether it can be
explained without postulating a change of climate. An
increase in the amount of water used for irrigation during
more recent times cannot be appealed to, for it is generally
admitted that the population and hence the consumption
of water in the Aralo-Caspian basin was greater in ancient
than in modern times. Warping of the earth's crust will not
explain the matter, for granting that the position of the sea
may have been altered by this means, the water-spread, or
surface exposed to evaporation, would remain practically
constant so long as the climate remained constant. The
water-spread of ancient times, however, appears to have
been very great, possibly almost double that of to-day.
Changes in the course of rivers are an equally inadequate
explanation, for the same reason. The Oxus and the Jax-
artes are the only rivers which have been seriously suggested
as possible contributors to the expansion of the Caspian Sea.
Between them they furnish most of the water which balances
the evaporation from the 26,000 square miles of the water-
spread of the Sea of Aral. Even if they could avoid depletion
by underground drainage into the basin of Aral, two hun-
dred and twenty feet below the present level of the lake,
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