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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books
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| 0084 |
The heart of a continent : vol.1 |
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and in the north, when the full force of winds which sweep
across two continents is felt, the thermometer, according to
the French missionaries, falls, as I have already mentioned, to
more than 40° below zero Fahrenheit. The summers are
warm, but not hot, the maximum temperature being from
90° to 95° Fahrenheit. The springs are said to be very
beautiful, and the autumns are crisp and bright. The rain-
fall, judging from our experiences, must be considerable, and
the country receives the full benefit in that respect of its
proximity to the ocean.
Of the mineral products of the country it is impossible
for me to give an accurate account, but we met with a coal-
mine, an iron-smelting furnace, and a small silver-mine within
twenty miles of each other, and gold is found in many parts of
the country. In what quantity these minerals are obtainable
I am unable to say. The country must be thoroughly explored
by some competent mineralogist before even an approximate
estimate can be given.
The vegetable production includes, besides timber (fir, oak,
elm, and walnut), wheat, beans, hemp, poppy, tobacco, and rice.
The people cultivate the land with great industry, and, assisted
by nature, extract the most plentiful crops from it. Large
quantities of beans and bean oil are brought down to the
coast for exportation to other parts of China.
Of the people some account has already been given. Mr.
Taylor Meadows, a former consul at Newchwang, and Mr.
James calculate the population at from twenty to twenty-three
millions; but of these not one million are real Manchus, and
the remainder are Chinese immigrants. Manchuria is therefore
populated by Chinamen, and not by Manchus. These Chinese
colonists, like Chinese everywhere, are hard-working and
industrious, and the country flourishes and develops in spite
of the bad administration and of the brigandage so rife in all
parts, and especially in the north. The people are well housed,
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