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The heart of a continent : vol.1 |
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above, I knew that these animals must get down to the river
to drink some way or other, and that where they could go we
could go also. I therefore went back to these tracks, carefully
followed them up, and was relieved to find they led down a
practicable "shoot" in the cliff. It was very steep and rocky,
but by unloading the ponies, and putting one man on to lead
each in front and two others to hold on to the tail behind,
we managed to let the ponies down one by one, and after a
good deal of labour found ourselves, bag and baggage, on the
edge of a river, which in some ways might be considered the
main branch of the Yarkand River.
This tributary, which the Baltis with me called the Shaks-
gam, but which the Kirghiz seems to know as the Oprang, was
previously unknown. It rises among the glaciers of the main
watershed. Two years later I followed it down to its junction
with the other branch of the Yarkand River.
Another geographical point of some importance I had now
discovered was, that between the Kuen-lun Range and the main
watershed which divides the rivers of Turkestan from those
flowing to India, and which is sometimes called the Mustagh
Range and sometimes the Karakoram, there lies a subsidiary
range, over which leads the Aghil Pass, which I had just
crossed. Hayward and the members of the Forsyth Mission,
when mapping the course of the Yarkand River, had made the
tributaries on the southern side run directly down from this
Mustagh or Karakoram Range; but this was an error. The
tributaries which they met with flow from the intermediate
range, and that and the Oprang River lie in between this
northern branch of the Yarkand River, which they explored,
and the Mustagh Mountains.
A word now as to the proper name for the great watershed
between Turkestan and India. Why call it the Karakoram?
Karakoram means "black gravel," and no more inappropriate
name could be imagined for a range of the highest snowy peaks
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