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The heart of a continent : vol.1 |
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number of inferior people as the chief of a number of chiefs, who
have each their own train of followers. In old days Chitral was
split up into a number of little chieftainships. The villages are
all separated from each other by strips of barren land, and nearly
every village, and, at any rate, every valley, had its separate chief.
In the course of time these were federated together under the
chief of the village of Chitral. He was to be the head chief, and
would lead them all in war, for instance ; but it was understood
that each separate chief had rule over his own followers.
Gradually, however, the power of the lesser chiefs dwindled,
and that of the Chitral chief, or Mehtar, increased. But even
now there are traces of the original state of affairs, and the
Adamzadas, the descendants of these minor chiefs, are very
jealous of the remnants of authority still left them, and often
oppose the orders of the Mehtar. They are now, indeed, a very
unsatisfactory element of the Chitral state. They have little
authority, but an immense idea of their importance, and they
consider it necessary to stand upon their dignity on every
possible occasion. They are sullenly hostile to every Mehtar,
and jealous of his authority, and I have even known some of
them refuse to turn their men out to resist an invasion of the
country. The greater part of them are thoroughly hostile to
the British alliance, because they have heard that the British
treat rich and poor, small and great, exactly alike, and attach
no importance to rank. They therefore fear that, as British
influence increases in the state, their power will still further
diminish, and they especially fear that their followers, who are
on much the same footing as the serfs were in Russia, will,
under the pressure of British influence, gain more freedom, till
they become independent of them. However much, therefore,
the Mehtar may realize that his position depends upon the
closeness of his alliance with the British Government, he has
always to contend against the sullen opposition of these effete
remnants of a bygone age.
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