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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

T.B.K. He, consequently, sent Yúsuf Kádir back as envoy to the Imám Nasiruddín at
Madáyn for assistance in a Ghazát = "crescentade," and meanwhile with his army
of sixty thousand men, amongst whom were many Arab adventurers and Persian
mercenaries, laid siege to the city. After five months of skirmishing and blockade
the garrison, pressed for food, came out with all their force to drive off the enemy
and raise the siege. They were cut off from the city, defeated with great loss, and
pursued across the Kosán river, whilst Hasan, taking possession of Káshghar,
received the submission of the people, and made them anew publicly profess Islám.
Hasan now re-established the Sharlat in all its severity, prohibited the use of wine,
and flesh of dog, ass, and swine as unlawful ; levied a ruinous contribution for his
army, and, after a complete plunder of the city, mounted the throne as King.
Having thus settled and secured the city, he assembled his army and marched against
the infidels who had taken post at Yangí Hissár up to which point they held the
country. After some severe engagements, he drove them out of the town on to the
Cáyrghághitágh or Cáyrághitágh, a ridge of sand hills close to the south. In a
subsequent engagement with Jagálú Khalkhálú beyond this ridge, Hasan Bughra
Khán and three hundred of his warriors were cut off from their supports, and
slain to a man. As most of them were men of rank and note from Tabrîz, the
village in the vicinity was called, in commemoration of the slaughter, Tabrîzî, or as
it is locally pronunced Tawiz. This disaster is dated Wednesday, 4th Muharram, H.
Bíbí Chah Miryam Kháním, who accompanied the King on this campaign, now
entered the field to avenge her husband's death. But she was quickly put to flight
and pursued into the sandy desert, where she was overtaken and killed four days
P. later. Her grave is marked by a lonely unpretending shrine, in connection with
which is a poor monastery and alms-house, far away from habitation, on the borders
of the sandy desert, thirty-six miles to the south-east of Yángí Hissár, and sixteen
miles south of Ordám Padsháh. Half a mile to the south of the shrine, which is
called Mazár Hazrat Begum, are the indistinctly traceable ruins of a town, said to
have been the city of Nucta Rashid. It presents nothing to view but the outlines
of the foundations of rampart walls, and bastions, now mostly buried by the drifting
sands. Here and there, where the sands have been swept away by the winds, the
surface is strewed with fragments of pottery and glass, and occasionally coins are
found amongst the débris.
T.B.K. Husen Bughra Khan, the brother of Hasan, now made a desperate effort to
retrieve the day. But Nucta Rashid, elated by his successes, fought with an equal
fury, and Husen was killed not far from the spot where his brother fell. His army
was routed with terrible slaughter, and pursued to Káshghar, which again fell into
the hands of the Khutan Chiefs.
The two brothers, Hasan and Husen, were buried in one grave on the field of
their martyrdom, and the spot is marked by the shrines and attached monastery of
Chúchán or Khojám Pádshah three miles west by south of Yangí Hissár, amidst
the ruins of a vast cemetery.
Shortly after this, Yúsuf Kádir, who had been sent to Madáyn for aid, returned
with an army of twenty-four thousand men, and accompanied by Syad Aláuddín.
As he crossed the Andiján Pass, or Tirik Dawán, the infidels, abandoning the city,
retired to Chín Shahr—called also Ilchi and Khutan—and Yúsuf Kádir, taking
possession of Káshghar, mounted the throne as King. He added to his Arab force
by the levy of a fresh army at the capital, and set out to conquer Khutan. His
campaign proved successful, and Islám was now for the first time established in
this flourishing seat of Budhism. Jagálú Khalkhálú was killed in the course of the
campaign near Cúmáb or Gúmá, and his country subdued and annexed to Káshghar,
after a war, from first to last, of twenty-four years.
P. Such is a brief sketch of the history of the Bughra Khan family in the Kásh-
ghar territory, and whilst it gives an insight into their own ambitious designs
under the tutelage of their Muhammadan preceptors, it, at the same time, conveys a