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| 0231 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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T.R. On the death of Wais Khan, the government of Mogholistán became divided.
The northern States of Zúnghár fell successively to his sons Eshán Boghá and
Yúnus, whilst the southern States of Káshghar fell to Syad Ali (whose capital was
at Aksú), the Minister of Wais, and to his successors, heirs of the Amír Khudádád.
As the events occurring in these regions during the rule of these rival governors has
not been hitherto published, so far as I am aware, I here introduce an abridged
record of them as gathered from the Táríkhi Rashídé.
Wais left two sons, Yúnus and Eshán Boghá, each of whom was supported by
his own faction in claiming the succession. The nobles who favoured Yúnus, then
a lad of thirteen years, carried him off to Ulugh at Samarcand to gain his recogni-
tion and support; but he, in 832 H.=1428 A.D., sent him out of the way to his
father at Herat. Here Sháhrukh placed him under the charge of Mauláná
Sharifuddin Ali, Yazdi, the most celebrated scholar, poet, and divine of the time,
to be educated. Yúnus remained under his tuition for twelve years, till the great
teacher's death. And then during another twelve years, after travelling in Persia
and Arabia, he settled at Shíráz.
Meanwhile Eshán Boghá ruled the Moghol tribes amidst a scene of unmiti-
gated disorder, ushered in at the very commencement of his reign by the murder of
Tymúr, Uighúr, his Governor of Turfán. He was torn to pieces by the nobles, who
then, terror struck at their own rash barbarity, fled the country. In this disorder
Syad Ali, the grandson of Amír Khudádád, and Wazir of Wais—who, for his
services in the wars with the Kalmák, had been granted by the latter the country of
Khutan in fief—seized Aksú from his brothers, Adil Momin and Syad Muhammad,
both of whom he killed, and, bringing Eshán Boghá from Mogholistán, established
him in it as the capital of his government, with himself as Minister.
From this Syad Ali waged a predatory warfare against Ulugh on the borders
of Turkistán and Farghána, and ultimately succeeded in recovering for himself all
the country under his grandfather's government, which, during the fourteen years
since his departure, had become divided amongst his descendants, and partly annexed
by Ulugh to Samarcand.
When Ulugh Beg, on the death of his father, came to the throne at Samarcand,
in 850 H.=1446 A.D., he confirmed Amír Khudádád in his hereditary govern-
ment, and the Amír appointed his son, Syad Ahmad, to the charge of Káshghar;
but on his deposition by Khoja Sharíf, as has been before mentioned, Ulugh appointed
one Sultán Malik, Doghlát, to the government on the part of Samarcand. He was
in turn succeeded by, first, Háji Muhammad, Sháysta, and then by Pír Muhammad,
Birlás, the nominees of Ulugh. Syad Ali, the son of Syad Ahmad, now attempted
to recover the city from the Háji with a force of only seven thousand men, but,
suffering an ignominious defeat at the hands of the Bukhárá troops, fled back in
disorder to Aksú. He renewed the attack in the following year during harvest time,
and, laying waste the country, plundered the suburbs, and hastily retired before he
could be brought to action by the Samarcand Governor. Owing to his remissness
on this occasion the Sháysta was replaced by a Birlás, one Pír Muhammad, surnamed
Bangi from his constant intoxication by the drug called bang (the resin of the hemp
plant); and, Syad Ali again appearing under the walls during the third harvest, the
citizens, to avert the famine threatened by another destruction of the crops, seized
the worthless Bangi, and delivered him to the invader, who at once executed him, and
took possession of Káshghar, to the joy of the populace who had been greatly
oppressed by the foreign governors.
Syad Ali now restored order, and, during a rule of 24 years, proved a just
and popular governor. The people prospered and multiplied, and cultivation and
cattle increased with amazing rapidity. He left three sons and two daughters, and
the share of heritage falling to the lot of one of the former, Muhammad Hydar, the
grandfather of the author from whom this account is derived, included one hundred
and twenty thousand sheep.
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