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| 0239 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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T.R.
The arrangement was that Mahmúd should make a sally seemingly against him,
but really throw his force against Abdul Ali, whilst he himself, feigning retreat,
would fall upon and plunder Ahmad's camp. The scheme was successfully carried
out. Ahmad lost his camp and army, thousands in their flight being drowned in the
Parag and Khyr rivers, and himself with difficulty escaped to the capital with only
a few followers. Peace was now made through the intervention of the Khoja
Nasiruddin, and the luxurious and haughty Ahmad, giving the betrothed Carákúz to
Mahmúd in marriage, acknowledged him as an independent King.
After this Mahmúd gave his elder sister by a year, Khúb Nigár Khánim, in
marriage to Muhammad Husen, Gúrikán, the companion of his youth and the faith-
ful friend and supporter of his father, and appointed him to the government of
Oratappa. To Sháhibeg Khán at the same time, in return for his services at
Táshkand, he gave the government of Turkistán.
Muhammad Husen ruled at Oratappa for nine years, during which the following
important political changes occurred in the neighbouring States. Farghána, after the
death of Umar Shekh, was contested by his two sons, Bábur and Jahángir.
Bukhárá and Samarcand were contested by Báyncar and Sultán Ali, the sons of
Sultan Mahmúd, the son of Abú Sáid, on the one hand, and by Sháhibeg on the
other. Khurasán flourished under the glorious and powerful rule of Sultán Husen
Mirzá. Whilst Iráe, on the death of Yákúb, the son of Uzún Hasan, passed into the
hands of Sháh Ismáil, the founder of the new Saffaví dynasty. The Dasht Kapchák,
meanwhile, was ruled by Búrúndúe, the Chief of the Júji ûlús. And Shásh=Tásh-
kand continued the seat of Mahmúd, the son of Yúnus, who was the most noted
Prince of Chaghtáy descent. He first in 889H.=1484 A.D. settled the Moghol,
who are also called Kará Khitáy, in cities, and established the rule of their
Khans who now roamed full masters of Shásh, which they held up to 908 H.=
1492 A.D.
The Moghol Khans were from father to son, Toghlúe Tymúr, who was set on the
throne by Amír Boláji, Khizr Khoja, Sher Alí, Wais, Yúnus, and Mahmúd. Their
ministers or hereditary governors were from father to son, Amír Boláji, who first
introduced Islám amongst the Moghol, Khudádád, Syad Ahmad, Syad Alí,
Muhammad Hydar, and Muhammad Husen.
The settlement of Sháhibeg at Turkistán gave offence to his enemies, the sons
of Gadáy and Jáni Beg, who, at the instigation of the aggrieved Ahmad, collected
the Kazzák and Uzbak, and waged war with Mahmúd. He was twice defeated by
them and then, his supporter deserting him, his court became the refuge of all sorts
of adventurers and outlaws.
Umar Shekh at this time 899 H.=1493 A.D. was crushed to death by the fall
of his house, and Ahmad at once set out from Samarcand to secure Andiján from
annexation by the Moghol. The nobles, however, set Bábur, the son of the deceased
Chief, aged twelve years, on the throne, and called in the aid of Mahmúd for his
support. Ahmad, in the interim, had advanced to Marghilán, and, falling sick there,
concluded peace, and hurried back, but died on his way to the capital. On this Sultán
Mahmúd from Hissár seized Samarcand. He died there after a rule of only six months,
and then Báyncar Mirzá succeeded. Mahmúd Khán, with the hope of restoring his
declining authority, now hastened to contest its possession with him; but, his rabble
being routed at Miánkál, he returned to Táshkand, and to stave off attack from
himself, incited Sháhibeg to invade the country. This the ambitious Uzbak imme-
diately did, and ended by conquering Samarcand and Bukhárá, an enterprise in which
he was aided by Bábur.
Sháhibeg Khán now turned his arms against Mahmúd at Táshkand, and he,
long since reduced to a mere semblance of independence, hastily called to his aid
his younger brother, Ahmad, who was ruling the nomads in Mogholistán. He arrived
in time to oppose the Uzbak attack, but their conjoined forces were defeated, and
both brothers were captured with most of their men. Sháhibeg liberally set free
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