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| 0182 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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east, and from the borders of the great desert on the north to the Persian Gulf N.
on the south.
Ismail Sámáni was a just and firm ruler, and, though a sincere Muhammadan,
a liberal patron of his native literature ; and during his reign the Persian language
was revived in its former purity, after two centuries of suppression by the Arabs.
After a prosperous and glorious rule of thirty years, the last eight as Viceroy of
Khurásán and Máwaránahar, he sickened, and died at Zarmán, whither he had been
carried for change of air, on the 15th Safar 295 H.=907 A.D. He is known in
history as the Amír Mází=past Prince. His son, Ahmad, succeeded to the throne.
He subdued a revolt in Sístán, and on his return, whilst on a hunting excursion on
the banks of the Jyhon, received intelligence of the revolt of Tabaristán. The news
so disturbed his mind that it disarmed his usual precaution, and the tiger, habitually
chained at the entrance to his chamber as a guard at night, was on this occasion
forgotten ; and his slaves, seizing the opportunity, entered and beheaded him, at the
instigation of one of his own family, on Thursday, 11th Jamadi Akhir 301 H.=
913-4 A.D. He reigned six years and four months, and is called Amír Shahíd=
martyr Prince.
Abúl Hasan Nasr, his son, succeeded at the age of ten years. His reign was
disturbed by revolts in the western provinces, and noted for a conflagration at the
capital, which lasted three days, Rajab 325 H.=936 A.D., and was seen at Samar-
cand. The greater part of the city was destroyed, together with the palace, full of
treasures and rarities of art, which all perished in the flames. Bukhárá has never
since, it is said, recovered its former magnificence. Abúl Hasan Nasr died after a
reign of thirty-one years in Shabán 331 H.=942 A.D. He is called Amír Sáid
=prosperous Prince. His son, Núh, succeeded. His reign was disturbed by anarchy,
and a serious revolt at Marv. Order was not restored till 341 H.=952 A.D.,
and he died, having reigned twelve years, a couple of years later in Rabí Akhir
343 H. He is called Amír Hamíd=laudable Prince.
He was succeeded by his son, 'Abdul Malik, aged ten years, who reigned seven,
and was killed by a fall from horseback at the game Chaugán="hockey" in Shawál
350 H.=961 A.D. He is called Amír Rashíd=intelligent Prince.
His brother, Mansúr, succeeded, but was at first opposed by Ulaptakin, the
Governor of Níshábor, who seized Balkh. He relinquished this "material guarantee,"
however, and consented to the succession, on the tribute of 50,000 diram being paid,
as before, to Níshábor. Mansúr, on the other hand, subsequently exacted from the
Dailami or Dilami Chief of Fars and Irác a similar annual tribute. He died after a
disturbed reign of fifteen years and five months on Sunday, the 16th Muharram 365
H.=976 A.D., and is called Amír Shadíd=impetuous Prince.
His son, Núh, called Amír Sáid Abúl Kásim, succeeded. His reign was chara-
cterised by general anarchy and confusion. The border province revolted, and the
Samáni power quickly declined. Abú Alí Samchor, the Governor of Khurásán,
revolted, and joining with Faik, the deposed Governor of Herat and Balkh, invited
Bughra Khán, Chief of the Uighúr Tartár of Káshghar, to attack Bukhárá. This
he did, and, driving Abúl Kásim out, took possession of his capital. He did not long
enjoy his success, however, for he almost immediately sickened with a fever, and,
hastening to regain his native air, died a few stages out from the city. His army
retraced its steps to Farghana and Káshghar, and Abúl Kásim on its departure
returned to his capital, and, recovering his power, drove his refractory nobles out of
the country into Khurásán. Here they raised a strong party, and, securing the aid
of the Dilami Prince, renewed their hostility. Abúl Kásim, on this, unable alone
to cope with their combined forces, called to his aid Subuktakin, the newly esta-
blished independent Prince of Ghazni, and with him attacked and routed the rebels
at Herat. After this Abúl Kásim was forced once more to seek the aid of
Subuktakin against a threatened attack by the rising Iylik Khan, son of Bughra
Khan, at the instigation of the restless Faik. On this occasion the threatened
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