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| 0206 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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Zicada 549 H.=1154 A.D. Mysoka called him Tumúrchi or Tamújin, because that R.S.
Tártár Chief's rule ended at the time of his birth. Aolún bore Mysoka two other
sons, viz., Júji="stranger," and Casar="wild beast." Mysoka died in 562 H.=
1166 A.D., and his General, Súghanchín, soon after.
The recently subjugated tribes now revolted, and joined the Tanjút or Tangút
tribe, and both Moghol and Tártár became divided by internal dissensions, and soon
separated under rival Chiefs. The Birlás tribe too, the family in which the command
of the army was hereditary, now revolted against Changíz, who was aged sixteen
years.
Changíz, on succeeding to his father's rule, suffered many reverses at first,
and was opposed by the tribes of Jámocá, Tanjút, Cunghrát, Jaláyr, and others,
consequently he sent Karáchár Noyán, the son of Súghanchín, to seek the aid of
Aong Khán, who had been an old ally of Mysoka, and was at this time the most
powerful Prince in all Turkistán. He treated the envoy well, invited Changíz to his
court, received him with cordial hospitality, and adopted him as his son ; and Changíz
in return did him good and faithful service. He defeated the Makrít Chiefs,
Borkín and Toeyá Begi, who had joined the brother of Aong Khán in rebellion
against him. On this the Tanjút, Sáljút, Cunghrát, Jaláyr, Tátár, and other tribes,
joining in revolt, confederated against Aong Khán and Changíz, and swore on
slaughtered horse, cow, sheep, and dog to overcome them or die in the contest.
Accordingly both sides prepared for war. The hostile hosts met in battle at Byor
Náwar, and after a bloody engagement the troops of Aong Khan and Changíz were
victorious.
After this, owing to old enmity and jealousy of his power, Búyurúc Khan,
brother of Táyáng Khan, the ruler of the Náymán, attacked Aong Khan, but his
army was destroyed by the cold and snow. Changíz had now served Aong Khan
seven years, and, having risen to great favour and authority, was envied by all the
courtiers, and looked on with jealousy by the nobles. The ruler of the Jájrát tribe,
named Jámocá, was the most active against him, and instigated Sanjún, the son of
Aong Khan, to hostility against him on the pretence that he was in league with
Táyáng Khan to seize the government. At first Aong Khan refused to credit the
charges brought against the fidelity and loyalty of his favoured confidant, but the
perseverance with which they were reiterated finally shook his faith, and he was per-
suaded to make an attempt to seize him.
Accordingly with his son's army, on the pretence of a hunting excursion, he
marched to the territory held by Changíz, and there pitched its tents in the vicinity
of his camp. Changíz was soon after informed of the plot to surprise his camp at
night by one of his soldiers, who brought with him two boys, from whom he had
heard of the intentions of their neighbours; and they, on being questioned, asserted
they had overheard what they had reported at the tent of a soldier in the opposite camp,
where they had gone to sell milk. Accordingly Changíz, satisfied as to the truth of
the boys' statements, quietly abandoned his camp at nightfall, and, leaving the
tents standing, moved with Karáchár Noyán and his troops into the hills hard by.
Aong Khan fell upon the camp towards day light, and, finding it empty, followed in
the track of the fugitives. A fight ensued, Sanjún was wounded, and Aong Khan
put to flight, leaving many of his Karáit dead on the field.
Changíz after this remained sometime at the salt springs of Báljúna, and
assuming independence established a code of discipline for the government of his
adherents. It was known as yásá-yásún="established custom," and owing to its
severity led to the desertion of many of his followers. He now rewarded the two
lads, who had informed of the plot, by attaching them to his court with the rank of
Tarkhán, the privileges of which were free access to the royal presence, and immu-
nity from punishment for criminal offences up to nine convictions; and the dignity
was made hereditary. The descendants of these Tarkhán were still met with in
Khurásán in the fifteenth century.
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