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| 0226 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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government of his crushed and crippled people, married his daughter, and, leaving T.R.
the main army with its train of captives to follow, set off with a party of light
horse on the 15th Shábán and arrived at Samarcand 7th Ramazán 791H., thus
accomplishing a journey of three months in as many weeks.
In this campaign the divisions operating on the north of the Alátágh overran
the whole country between the sandy steppes on the north and the green vallies of
Yuldúz on the south. They took the royal city of Aymil Guja, which, according to
Yule, was probably built on the bank of the Áymil river from the Alákol, and was
the original capital of the refugee Khitáy, who founded the Kará Khitáy empire, and
is now represented by, probably, Chughluchak of Turbaghátai.
One more expedition was sent in the following spring against Anga Tora of Z.N.T.
Karátál, an active ally of Khizr in the last campaign. The invaders devastated
afresh the country up to Almálígh, and, driving Anga Tora from his capital, pursued
him to the River Irtish, beyond which he escaped into the county of Tolus, whence
come the Sumúr = sable, Cácún = otter, and other furs.
After this Tymúr was occupied for many years in his western conquests, and
the invasion of India. On his return to Samarcand, for the nineteenth time, with
the spoils and treasures of one-half the Asiatic continent, his insatiable pride and
ambition led him to undertake the conquest of the other.
Amongst the vast preparations set on foot for the conquest of China, he sent T.R.
orders to Khizr Khoja, his feudatory in Mogholistán, to sow the land at Kok-tappa
with corn, and there to collect cattle for his army about to march that way.
Khizr was there with the Amír Khudádád, in the early spring of 807 H.=
1405 A.D., to superintend the collection of supplies for the advancing host.
One day as he and his friend were seated in their camp discussing affairs
over a social cup of cumiz=fermented mare's milk, a figure in white, mounted
on a black horse, suddenly dashed past the guards, and galloping into camp
made for the spot where they were seated, and announcing in a loud voice
"Amír Tymúr lies dead at Atrár," suddenly disappeared from sight before the guards
running up from all sides could stop him. "A jinn='ghost' most likely" remarks the
historian I quote, "for confirmation of the fact was not received till forty-five days
later." Tymúr crossed the Syhon on the ice, and was obliged to halt at Atrár, also
called Táráb, on account of an inflammation of the lungs. The disease rapidly
increased, and after a delay here of seven or eight days he died from its effects on
the 7th Shábán 807 H.=17th February 1405 A.D. (V.B.)
Khizr Khoja ruled independently for several years after this, and was succeeded
by his son, Muhammad Khan, who was the last of the Moghol Kháeán. He was
a wealthy, just, and powerful Prince, and converted all his people to Islám, yet so
jealous was he of the turban, the outward emblem of the Faith, being worn by any
but the priesthood and his own officials, that he punished any of the Tartar peasantry
who dared to desecrate the sacred head-piece, by securing their own national fur caps
upon their heads by horse shoes pegged to their skulls.
The Moghol have no record of the date of his birth or death; but, Ulugh Beg
in Máwaránahar, and Sháhrúkh in Khurásán, were his contemporaries. He was
succeeded by his son Sher Muhammad Khan, during whose reign the country
enjoyed security and prosperity. His brother, Sher Ali Oghlán, died aged eighteen
years during his life, and left a son named Wais Khán. He rebelled against his
uncle, and formed a band of cazzác=robber, with whom he harried the Máwaranahar
border. He was joined by adventurers and discontents from all parts of the country,
and, amongst others of note, by Syad Ali, the grandson of Khudádád, as will be
presently related.
On the death of Tymúr, his only surviving son, Sháhrúkh, was at Herat, so he V.B.
appointed his grandson, Pír Muhammad, as his successor. But, whilst he was
debauching at Kabul, Sultán Khalíl, the son of Miránsháh, who happened to be
with the army, got possession of Samarcand. Pír Muhammad now contested the
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