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| 0268 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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his troops, finding themselves thus deserted, next day dispersed and took the road P.
to Andiján. They were pursued and cut up by numerous detachments of Chinese,
some of whom penetrated as far as Ush, whence they were repelled and driven back
by the Kirghiz and Kapchák who rallied to the defence of their homesteads and
beaten countrymen. Meantime the Chinese General sent a force under Ishác Wáng
with the Chih Ambán, Dawán Ambán and others in pursuit of Jahángir. His hiding
place was pointed out by some Kirghiz nomads of Karátakka, and Jahángir surren-
dering to his pursuers was brought back to the Jáng Júng Tán, who sent him prisoner
to Pekin, where he was subsequently executed with torture.
In return for this service the Chinese General appointed Ishác Wáng of Úsh
Turfán (whose success on this occasion was due to the treachery of Jahángir's former
ally, Suránchí Beg, Chongbaghish Kirghiz, who now thought to avert the punish-
ment due to his own hostilities by delivering up to the victors their fallen enemy,
and his own acknowledged spiritual leader and king) to the government of the city,
and building the Yángishahr fort, a farsakh to the south of it, in place of the
Gulbágh destroyed by Jahángir, established Jáh Dárin with a strong garrison in its
command, and returned to Ila.
The Emperor Taukwang was delighted at the successful suppression of this W.W.
revolt, and showered honors and rewards upon Changlung, his General of Ila, and
upon his troops. For his good service he rewarded Ishác Wáng with the title of
Prince of Káshghar. He was, however, soon after accused of treason and sum-
moned to Pekin for trial, and though acquitted of the charge, he was detained there
several years before being permitted to return.
Jahángir ruled only nine months, and in the spring of 1828 A.D. the Chinese M.V.
recovering possession of the revolted cities re-established their authority by numerous
executions and tortures and confiscations, and by the transportation of twelve
thousand Musalmán families from Káshghar to Ghulja, or Kuldja, where they were
settled as serfs under the name of taránchí= "sweaters," "labourers."
This revolt of Jahángir, originating in Khokand, was the cause of the influence
then acquired by that principality; and it has been maintained ever since to the final
overthrow of the Chinese rule in Eastern Turkistan, as will be seen in the sequel. The
Chinese, after quelling the revolt, punished the rebels as stated above, and avenged
themselves on the Khokand Khán by stopping trade and placing restrictions on com-
munication with his province.
On this Muhammad Ali Khán, who had recently annexed Karátakin, Darwáz and
Káláb and had made tributary the Burut and other Kirghiz, decided in 1829 A. D.
to attack the Chinese. For this purpose he invited Khoja Yúsuf, the elder
brother of Jahángir, from Bukhárá, and proclaimed a ghazá to set him on the
throne of his ancestors. Yúsuf took the field in September 1830 with a force of
20,000 men, mostly Andijan and Tashkand troops, with some Karátakin levies and
Káshghar refugees; all under the command of Mingbáshí Hace Culí Beg, a brother-
in-law of Muhammad Ali Khán.
The Chinese with 3,000 men advanced to oppose them, but were defeated
at Mingyol, and the invaders pushing on seized Káshghar, where Yúsuf was at once
set on the throne. Yángi Hissár, Yárkand, Khutan, and Aksu, up to the Múzárt Pass,
quickly fell into his possession; and the Chinese, as before, were everywhere massacred;
whilst the arrival of their troops from Ghulja was delayed for want of carriage.
This advance of the Khokand army roused the hostility of Bukhárá against
Andijan, and Muhammad Ali Khán, to avert the attack threatened by Nasrulla
Khán, at once recalled his General Hace Culí Beg; and Yúsuf, unable to hold his
position unsupported amongst the fickle Musalmáns of Káshghar, returned with him
in November or December after a rule of only ninety days. He carried away as
trophies of his success 500 Chinese captives, and was accompanied by several
hundred families of Káshghar emigrants who settled in the suburbs of Khujand and
Táshkand.
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