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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

P. thirst for blood and his unholy lusts soon rendered his rule intolerable, and awed
even his most partial supporters into hatred. The pile of heads, to which in an
unhappy moment was added that of the inoffensive scientific traveller, Adolphe
Schlagentweit, raised by him on the river-bank above the Kizil Bridge for long
months remained a mournful testimony of his savage cruelties; whilst the tales
of his hellish barbarities are still fresh in the memory of a people for centuries
accustomed to deaths and tortures in their worst forms.

On the flight of Walí Khán the Chinese recovered possession of Káshghar
without opposition. The former officials, both Chinese and Khokandi, such as had
escaped the clutches of Walí Khán, were dismissed and their offices given to others;
whilst the leaders in the revolt were one by one captured and executed with tortures.
Amongst the first was Mír Ahmad Shekh, the custodian of the Sátoc Bughra Khán
shrine at Alton Artosh, for his active partizanship with the Khoja rebel. He was
crimped from heel to head and disembowelled; and his heart plucked out, whilst
yet beating with life, was thrown to the dogs. He was then decapitated, and
his head exposed in a cage on the main road leading to the city, together with a
long row of those of other victims of Chinese revenge. His eldest son, Mír Ali
Cázi, shared a similar fate; but three other sons, Abdurrahim, Ismáil, and Mahmúd
from whom I have derived the above particulars, escaped by the Kurtka Fort to
Khokand.

Many other leading men were executed with like barbarity, and their heads
similarly exposed for their part in the revolt; whilst hundreds of others perished in the
revenge taken for the massacre of the Chinese merchants and settlers. These execu-
tions did not cease till August of the following year, when relations on the former
footing were resumed with Khokand, and Khudáyár's agent arrived at Káshghar.

M. V. In the meantime Walí Khán on his return to Khokand was arraigned by the
relatives of his victims for the murder of so many innocent Musalm áns. He was
formally tried by the Ulama, "Doctors of the Law," and with characteristic partiality
acquitted as being a Syad or descendant of the Prophet; whilst his accusers were
even fined for daring to asperse the character of one boasting such honourable lineage.
He, however, met his retribution at last, and was assassinated at Káshghar, the very
scene of his crime, by the present ruler, Yákúb Beg, whom he accompanied in the
party of Buzurg Khán, as will be mentioned hereafter.

In the spring of 1858, Khudáyár Khán sent Nasíruddín of Shahrikhan, who had
acted in the same capacity in 1847, as envoy to Káshghar to renew relations with the
Chinese, to express concern for the revolt, and to report the imprisonment of the
notoriously free and favoured Walí Khán. The envoy arrived at Káshghar in August
with a caravan of 500 returning fugitives, and the Chinese, at once granting the
former concessions, accepted him as Khokand agent with the title of Dádkhwáh.
And thus the former relations between these incompatible people were once more
resumed.

P. In 1278 H. (1862 A.D.) after the establishment of the Russian rule on the
northern frontier of Káshgar, by their capture of the forts of Tokmak and Piskak
which they took in August 1860, and on the eve of the Tungani revolt in Shensi, one
other minor disturbance occurred in Káshghar before the final revolution that led to
the severance of the whole province from its connection with the Chinese empire.
The three refugee sons of Mír Ahmad Shekh returned in this year from their asylum
at Tashkand with a gathering of 300 men to recover their ancient patrimony in
Artosh by the aid of the border Kirghiz who were their hereditary subjects.

Near Káshghar they fell in with a caravan of Chinese merchants, and plundering
it killed seventeen of the traders in revenge of the death of their father. They then
went on to Artosh where they raised the standard of revolt. On this a force of 2,000
Chinese infantry from the Mángshún and 1,000 cavalry from the city was sent
out against them by the Ambáu. The brothers were deserted by their rabble crew in
the first skirmish with the enemy, and themselves fled the field as fast as any of them.