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| 0574 |
Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873 : vol.1 |
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3. To *Yagh-Arik, 7 tash. (Oil-canal)* Through desert and low hills; at 3 tash there is a small place of shelter for cattle known as a Dhung; at the 4th tash there is a similar shelter, water procurable at both these places, streams from springs; at the 6th tash is a newly-constructed Karawul and some few houses with cultivation. About two miles to the south-east of this Karawul is a copper mine. The road here passes through a spur of the main range which is, however, very low at this point, canals. About 50 houses in Yagh Arik, a tank, gardens, &c. Yagh Arik is in the district of *Bái*.
4. To *Bai, 7 tash.* For 1½ tash through highly cultivated district with gardens, houses, &c., to the bank of a river flowing south; the bed of the stream nearly half a mile across and very stony, the stream is rapid even in winter and is divided into three channels; the cultivation continues from the opposite bank all the way to Bai. This is a long stage and can be broken without difficulty at the hamlets *en route*. Bai is a walled town with three gates, and has its own Governor. There is a regular *urda*, four serais, musjids, &c., and three large tanks in the town; there are 62 principal shops inside the walls; there are two Madrassas and two schools. Bazaar is held on Friday after mid-day.
There is a garrison of 200 soldiers, 4 Yuzbashis, and 20 Panja Bashis.
There are six serais outside the walls of the town. It is estimated that there are 4,000 houses in the entire district of Bai.
Mahomedan population of the same type as at Aksú.
About 8 tash to the north of Bai are hot springs to which miraculous cures are attri-buted, the springs having been, it is said, called into existence by Hazrat Alli after a fight with infidels. There is a Ziarat at this place, and it is a place of pilgrimage; the road to it is a very difficult one.
5. To *Sairám, 4 tash.* The Bai district is left at about two miles from the walls; the entire road is through hamlets and cultivation, a considerable stream running through a shallow* bed immediately after leaving Bai. Sairám is larger than Bai, but there are no walls round it. The Hakim is under the orders of the Governor of Bai. There are 16 serais, 11 musjids, 4 tanks, and 75 principal shops, the population of the district is approximately the same as that of Bai. Bazaar is held on Thursday. Intermediate between Bai and *Sairám* and to the north about one stage, iron of a superior quality is obtained: this is only worked for local purposes.
Grain is exceedingly cheap, and rice is grown, but in smaller quantity than in the Aksú district.
6. To *Toga Dhung.* A single stage house, where provisions can be obtained; water pro-cured from a distance, 5 *tash*.
The road on leaving Sairám very soon passes strips of cultivated ground and through a tamarisk jungle, 2 tash to Kizzil. Kizzil lies in a sandy strip; a stream is here encountered flowing south; there are willow trees and a few houses grouped on either bank; the bed of the stream is 40 yards across; from Kizzil to Toga Dhung a stony desert; to the south there are small sand hills, and the road here takes a more northerly direction.
7. *To Kuchár, 6 tash.* About two miles from Toga Dhung across a low ridge on the top of which is a serai. This gives a better halting place than the last stage, but water is obtained at the serai with great difficulty and must be paid for, the road turns southwards immediately after crossing this low ridge. There is no cultivation to within about two miles of *Kuchár*, but about 2 tash from the ridge is a Karawul in a gorge where the rocks appear to have been subject to volcanic action and are of a very dark color on a high hill to the north-east. At this point is a ruined city, the people commonly call this "Takht-i-Touran," the outskirts of these ruins are actually on the road; the
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