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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

Part II. The Archeological Excavations in Anau and Old Merv. Hubert Schmidt.

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Chapter VI. The Archeological Excavations at Anau................................. 83-120
Excavations at North Kurgan.................................................... 83-104
Preliminary examination........................................................ 83
Method and arrangement of work................................................ 84-86
The work and finds at the separate localities on North Kurgan...................... 87
Terrace I...................................................................... 87
Walls and rooms; pivotal door-stones; bake-ovens; fireplaces.................. 88
Skeletons of children buried in "contracted position" and burial gifts; lapis
lazuli...................................................................... 89
Early recognition of stratigraphic distinctions in pottery, varieties of gray and
red monochrome above (group x) and coarse and fine painted (group y) below 89-91
Terraces IV and V.............................................................. 91
Stratigraphic succession in Terraces IV and V.................................. 93-95
Determined by the stratigraphic distribution of skeletons and pottery.......... 93-94
Painted pottery in the upper strata (group 2).................................. 94
Polychrome pottery in upper strata (group 1)................................... 95
Determination of a change from an older to a younger different culture at
25 feet above the plain, the older one characterized by pottery group y, the
younger by groups x, z, v.................................................. 95
Terrace II..................................................................... 95-98
Copper in the older culture.................................................... 97
Terrace III.................................................................... 98
Terrace VI..................................................................... 99
Terrace VII.................................................................... 100
West Digging................................................................... 100
North Digging: Culture-strata down to 24.5 feet below level of plain; skeleton in
"contracted position" at — 11 feet; painted pottery of group y extends to
bottom strata, but in depth associated with a distinct painted variety
(group m)................................................................... 101
South Shaft.................................................................... 101
West Shaft: shows wide extent of strata of the older culture with pottery of group y 101
Komorof's Trench: East and West Galleries; East and West Pits.................. 102-103
Definite proof that the people of the older culture also buried children within
their dwellings............................................................. 103
Other finds; character of culture; relative chronology......................... 103-104
The excavations at the South Kurgan ........................................... 104-120
General summary and method.................................................... 104-106
Two successive cultures evident................................................ 105
Excavations and finds at different localities.................................. 106
Upper Digging.................................................................. 106
Five feet of upper culture-strata............................................. 106
Wheel-made pottery of upper culture (group 1) and iron knife.................. 106
Superior hand-made pottery (group 2) in mixed strata below upper culture...... 108
Below 37 feet 7 inches above level of plain only wheel-made pottery of red, gray
and whitish-green varieties (groups 3-5) characterizes the older culture of
South Kurgan................................................................ 108
Copper dagger.................................................................. 108
Razor and dagger of copper..................................................... 109
Terrace A belongs in mixed talus débris........................................ 110
Copper three-edged arrow-point and iron sickle................................. 110
Outer Digging. The two cultures and the intermediate "mixed" zone represented. 110
Terrace B...................................................................... 112-118
Children buried in houses...................................................... 112
Three-faced seal showing man, lion, and griffin; pivotal door-stones.......... 112
"Clay chest"................................................................... 113, 114
Stratigraphic discussion....................................................... 115, 116