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| 0076 |
Explorations in Turkestan : Expedition of 1904 : vol.1 |
Captions
| [Figure] 15 |
Ideal Setions of a Detla-oasis on as Uptilting Piedmont. (By R. W. Pumpelly.) |
Citation Information
OCR Text
plains. The mountain masses, lacking the protection of a heavy forest growth,
are subjected to rapid disintegration and decay, and the resulting detritus is carried
by the torrential rivers down to the plains.
In a coastal region these waters would flow onward to the ocean, and the silts
they had brought from the mountains would ultimately complete the same course,
to be deposited at the mouth of the river, to form there a submarine delta. But
in an arid "central" region, such as is Turkestan, the conditions are different. The
precipitation is confined to the mountains, and on leaving these the rivers enter
a desert region of rapid evaporation, where there is no compensating rainfall. The
valley ends at the mouth of the mountain gorge. Thus all the coarse and fine
materials brought by the torrential rivers from far and near in the mountains, as
well as those carried down by smaller streams from the declivities bordering the
lowland, and from the piedmont hills, are deposited within a zone along the edge
of the plain at the base of the Kopet range. The rock-mass of the mountains is,
therefore, being continually removed and loaded onto this long zone.
Now, two connected phenomena are observed to result from this process.
On the one hand, the zone of deposition is continually and proportionately sinking
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