国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

for cooking; its bottom must have stood in the earth, so that fire could be built
around it.

However, the combination of bake-oven, kettle, mealing-stone, and child's
skeleton corresponds wholly with the overlying layer, its pots, and its skeleton; so
that we have here two successive periods of culture. The pots c and d must al-
ready have been out of use and buried when pots a and b were put in position; but
they must also have been older than the child's skeleton a, No. 5, which lies in the
layer between pots a, b and c, d. Skeleton a, therefore, must be referred to those
inhabitants of the hill who used bake-ovens a, b, while the lower skeleton β belongs
to the older period. The highest layer—that is, the youngest period—is, how-
ever, represented by the skeletons destroyed in terrace 1a, and by the thicker
diagonal wall A. Therefore, at least three successive periods have left their
remains between the surface of the hill (+40 feet) and the level of +27 feet.

In the east wall of
terrace 1 still another
skeleton (No. 3) was ex-
cavated at the level +28
feet, besides another left
in the earth.

The question then
arises whether these
periods differed in their
culture characteristics.
In all probability they
did not, for the beads in
terrace 1a resemble those
found with the child's
skeleton in 1b, and the
pots a to d, as regards
form and technique, are
in all respects similar. The similarity in culture will be more evident when we
consider the pottery that is characteristic of these layers.

When the upper terrace was begun on March 25, it yielded within three
hours a great quantity of fragments of different kinds of pottery, the greater part
belonging to a gray or red monochrome ware. The red was especially charac-
terized by a good polish, while in the gray fragments one was struck by the excel-
lent quality of the clay and of the technique. I will designate this monochrome
variety for the present as group x. Besides this group x, there occurred painted
ware of an entirely different technique—both finer and coarser vessels—which
we were obtaining at the same time from the galleries; that is, from the middle
layers of the hill. These fragments may for the present be called group y, in
contradistinction to the others, or group x. The relation of these two groups,
however, on their appearance in terrace 1, was such that the monochrome was
predominant at the top, but diminished in favor of group y the deeper we dug.